Maryam Pakfetrat; Leila Malekmakan; Taraneh Tadayon; Amin Nikfar; Afshin Mansourian
Abstract
Background: Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide health problem. Objectives This study investigated the frequency of urinary and serum metabolic abnormalities and their association with demographic characteristics in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 376 patients ...
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Background: Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide health problem. Objectives This study investigated the frequency of urinary and serum metabolic abnormalities and their association with demographic characteristics in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 376 patients with nephrolithiasis who referred to Motahari Medical Center, Shiraz from March 2017 to June 2017. Patients’ history, 24-hour urine analysis (for volume, calcium, uric acid, sodium, citrate, phosphate, and oxalate), and serum tests (for calcium, uric acid, and parathyroid hormone) were recorded in a data gathering sheet. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The most common abnormality was a low volume of 24-hour urine (< 2000 mL), (73.7%), followed by hypercalciuria (23.9%), and hyperoxaluria (19.4%). Low 24-hour urine volume was more frequent in women (80.0% vs. 64.3%, P < 0.001), while hypercalciuria (37.0% vs. 18.3%, P < 0.001), and hyperphosphaturia (6.0% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.03) were more frequent in men. Moreover, hypercalciuria was more frequent in outdoor workers (39.7% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.003), whereas low urine volume was more frequent in indoor workers (79.0% vs. 61.1%, P = 0.006). Metabolic abnormalities were not different in terms of patients’ family history.
Conclusions: Multiple factors affect the frequency and type of nephrolithiasis. Since these parameters are also influenced by race, culture, and dietary habits; thus each region must determine its own demographic features of renal stone. Based on our results, women had lower urine volume and higher urine citrate than men. Moreover, water intake is one of the most important factors that correlate with renal stone formation.
Maryam Pakfetrat; Shokouh Sharifpour; Leila Malekmakan; Shahrokh Ezzatzadegan Jahromi; Jamshid Roozbeh; Amir Aslani
Abstract
Background: Hyperphosphatemia is a common problem in hemodialysis patients for which various binders are used to control this problem.
Objectives: This study aims to assess the effect of magnesium oxide on controlling serum phosphorus levels and evaluate its side effects.
Patients and Methods: We studied ...
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Background: Hyperphosphatemia is a common problem in hemodialysis patients for which various binders are used to control this problem.
Objectives: This study aims to assess the effect of magnesium oxide on controlling serum phosphorus levels and evaluate its side effects.
Patients and Methods: We studied 39 hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia. Patients were randomly divided into two groups, trial and control. The trial group received magnesium oxide. Its dose was titrated according to weekly magnesium levels that were checked for 4 weeks. Phosphorous was also checked weekly in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 15 software. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
Results: A total of 27 males and 12 females with a mean age 54.01 ± 17.20 years were divided into the trial (21 patients) and control (18 patients) groups. Serum phosphorous levels did not significantly decrease (P = 0.994). However the mean phosphorous level in females showed significant correlation with time, as a significant quadratic trend throughout time was observed (P = 0.001). A significant ascending trend in mean magnesium levels was observed in the trial group compared to the control group at the end of the study (P < 0.001).
Conclusions: Although magnesium oxide was well tolerated by the study patients and lacked serious complications, it could not decrease phosphorous levels. In order to better assess these results we recommend that larger, multicenter studies with longer follow up that uses other magnesium compounds be designed.
