Sara Mousavi; Alireza Heidari; Sahar Safarzadeh; Parviz Asgari; Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari
Abstract
Background: Exam anxiety in female students, a significant emotional response and emotional issue that negatively impacts learning, is perceived as a threat by many students. The present study investigated the efficacy of emotional schema therapy (EST) on self-regulation and frustration tolerance in ...
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Background: Exam anxiety in female students, a significant emotional response and emotional issue that negatively impacts learning, is perceived as a threat by many students. The present study investigated the efficacy of emotional schema therapy (EST) on self-regulation and frustration tolerance in female students with exam anxiety during the academic year 2022-2023.Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest was employed. A total of 36 female students with exam anxiety were recruited from Ahvaz, Iran. Convenience sampling technique was employed to select the study participants who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n=18) or the control group (n=18) using a random number table. The experimental group received ten, 60-minute sessions of EST. Self-regulation and frustration tolerance were assessed using questionnaires before and after the intervention. Group differences were assessed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).Results: At pretest, both groups showed similar levels of self-regulation (P=0.694). Following the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly higher self-regulation (Mean=49.72, SD=5.74) as compared with the control group (Mean=36.39, SD=4.17) (P=0.001). No significant difference in frustration tolerance was observed between groups at pretest (P=0.927). However, the experimental group (Mean=71.28, SD=5.88) demonstrated significantly greater frustration tolerance as compared with the control group (Mean=117.67, SD=18.10) after the intervention (P=0.001). The findings indicated that EST effectively improved self-regulation and frustration tolerance in female students with exam anxiety (P<0.001).Conclusions: The results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in self-regulation and frustration tolerance after administering EST sessions. These findings suggested that EST may be a promising intervention for addressing the psychological challenges associated with exam anxiety in female students.
Afsaneh Hosseini Geravandi; Parviz Asgari; Zahra Yousefi
Abstract
Background: The escalating number of visits to family therapy centers and the increasing divorce rates indicate a profound crisis in relationship status, resulting in family discord and divorce. This study endeavored to scrutinize the elements of female attractiveness in couple relationships as perceived ...
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Background: The escalating number of visits to family therapy centers and the increasing divorce rates indicate a profound crisis in relationship status, resulting in family discord and divorce. This study endeavored to scrutinize the elements of female attractiveness in couple relationships as perceived by family therapists with expertise in the field.Methods: This was a qualitative study employing a content analysis design. The statistical population encompassed all expert family therapists in Ahvaz, Iran in 2022. From this pool, eight therapists who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the sample. The research methodology employed content analysis, and data were collected through quasi-experimental interviews.Results: The outcomes revealed that the central and organizing categories consist of: 1. Personality Attractiveness (comprising self-esteem, agreeableness, stability, and conscientiousness as organizing codes). 2. Emotional attractiveness (with organizing codes related to positive emotional inhibition and positive emotional manifestation). 3. Cognitive attractiveness (characterized by cognitive capabilities and cognitive development as organizing codes). 4. Physical attractiveness (divided into sexual physical Attractiveness and non-sexual physical Attractiveness). 5. Relationship Attractiveness (encompassing family attractiveness, family relation attractiveness, emotional relation attractiveness, and spousal praise).Conclusion: Female Attractiveness is a multifaceted construct, and the absence of any of its dimensions can undermine its role in couple relationships. Therefore, adhering to these five dimensions can fortify marital bonds.
Leila Eskandari; Farzaneh Hooman; Parviz Asgari; Marjan Alizadeh
Abstract
Background: Children’s behavioral issues may arise from maternal depression, which can also hinder a child’s mental development compared to their peers. This study aimed to assess the correlation between maternal cognitive fusion, maternal depression, and children’s management of sadness ...
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Background: Children’s behavioral issues may arise from maternal depression, which can also hinder a child’s mental development compared to their peers. This study aimed to assess the correlation between maternal cognitive fusion, maternal depression, and children’s management of sadness in students with specific learning disorders (SLD).Methods: The statistical population for this descriptive-correlational study included all male and female fourth-graders and fifthgraders with SLD, along with their mothers, in Karaj, Alborz Province, Iran, in 2022. A multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to select a research sample of 252 individuals. The research utilized the Children’s Sadness Management Scale (CSMS), Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ), and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI-13) as assessment tools. Data analysis involved Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple regression, and an artificial neural network (ANN). The data were ultimately analyzed using SPSS version 27 and MATLAB-2019.Results: The mean and standard deviation (SD) for maternal depression, maternal cognitive fusion, and children’s sadness management were 27.96±6.73, 50.61±10.49, and 15.90±4.43, respectively. The research results indicated a positive and significant association between maternal cognitive fusion and children’s sadness management (P<0.001). Conversely, there was a negative and significant association between maternal depression and children’s sadness management (P<0.001). According to the ANN findings, maternal depression exhibited a stronger correlation with children’s sadness management.Conclusion: The findings highlighted that maternal depression exhibits the most substantial correlation with children’s sadness management. Consequently, the development of training programs and workshops targeting the mitigation of maternal depression for mothers of children with SLD is recommended.
