Fatemeh Abak; Maryam Rabiee; Zahra Jouhari
Abstract
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is capable of infecting individuals engaging in sexual activity at some points in their lives. As general vaccination of children and adolescents is not a standard practice in Iran, this study aimed to assess the awareness of Iranian female college students regarding ...
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Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is capable of infecting individuals engaging in sexual activity at some points in their lives. As general vaccination of children and adolescents is not a standard practice in Iran, this study aimed to assess the awareness of Iranian female college students regarding HPV and its associated vaccinations.Methods: This cross-sectional research was conducted in 2020 on a cohort of 350 female college students from Shahed University, Iran. Participants were selected through a convenience sampling technique, with the determined sample size based on the enrollment in each faculty. An electronic questionnaire was prepared and administered virtually to the participating students.Results: The mean age of the participants in this study was 21.63±1.93 years. Remarkably, 90% of the students were familiar with genital warts, while only 41% were knowledgeable about the available vaccine. Additionally, a third of the participants were unaware of the sexual transmission of HPV, and half were uninformed about the association between various cancers and genital warts. The average score for overall knowledge was 6.19±3.54. Notably, a significant correlation was observed among age, academic years of study, faculty affiliation, and knowledge about HPV and its vaccine (P<0.001). Interestingly, academic education emerged as the primary source of information after public media and the Internet.Conclusion: The level of knowledge concerning HPV and its associated vaccine among the study participants was predominantly moderate. Considering the pivotal link between cervical cancer and HPV, the significance of providing adequate information and education on preventive measures cannot be overstated.
Mary I Aliu; Ngozi Okafor; Ayomide Aliu; Matthew Idowu Olatubi; Grace Ademuyiwa
Abstract
Background: Cervical Cancer Vaccine is known to be one the effective ways of preventing cervical cancer. The present study aimed to assess parents’ knowledge on uptake of human papilloma virus vaccine (HPVV) by adolescents, describe their perception on the uptake of HPVV by adolescents, and identify ...
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Background: Cervical Cancer Vaccine is known to be one the effective ways of preventing cervical cancer. The present study aimed to assess parents’ knowledge on uptake of human papilloma virus vaccine (HPVV) by adolescents, describe their perception on the uptake of HPVV by adolescents, and identify their cultural beliefs which could influence HPV uptake.Methods: This work is a cross-sectional study. We conducted the current study in a local government area in Nigeria from December 2019 to February 2020. A total of 350 participants were recruited using a multi-stage sampling technique. A foursectioned, 44-item-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. We strictly adhered ethical principles. The data was analysed via descriptive statistics.Results: The obtained findings revealed that only 56.0% of the parents were aware of HPV, out of whom 73% had a good level of knowledge of cervical cancer vaccine. On the contrary, 1.7% of them had good perception of cervical cancer vaccine uptake while 67.1% had low perception. We also indicated that educational status of the parents influenced the uptake of HPVV by their adolescents (F=0.54, P=0.54). Additionally, 75% of the participants had negative cultural beliefs which prevent them from allowing their adolescents to take up the vaccine.Conclusion: Awareness of HPV was found to be moderate while the majority of those who are aware of HPV had high knowledge of cervical cancer screening. Most of the parents had low perception of cervical cancer vaccine. Similarly, a big proportion of the parents had negative cultural beliefs about HPVV uptake. Thus, parents should be provided with further education in this regard so that they promote the uptake of HPVV for their female adolescents.
Khadijeh Asadi Sarvestani; Maryam Navaee; Razieh Rayanpour
Abstract
Background: A significant proportion of cancer patients use Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) worldwide and especially in Middle Eastern countries. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of using Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) and Complementary and Alternative ...
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Background: A significant proportion of cancer patients use Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) worldwide and especially in Middle Eastern countries. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of using Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) and Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among female cancer patients in Zahedan, southeast of Iran. Also, this study sought to determine whether the patients disclosed the use of ITM and CAM to their physicians.Methods: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 130 female patients, referred to three cancer treatment centers in Zahedan, were selected via the convenience sampling method, from November 2019 to May 2020. Data were collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire. The analysis of data and relationships between the variables was performed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient test, independent samples t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) was highly and moderately used by 14.6% and 62.3% of the patients, respectively; more than 70% of them reported the use of herbal preparations (herbal medicines, medicinal plants, and herbal distillates). Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) was utilized at a moderate level by 91.5% of the participants. The prevalence of diet therapy and the use of vitamins and mineral supplements was over 56% and the increased use of CAM was associated with a higher monthly income. Although 92.3% of the patients were undergoing treatment, a significant percentage of them (80.8%) did not disclose the use of ITM or CAM to their physicians.Conclusion: The results highlighted the necessity of improving the physician-patient relationship in order to increase the patients’ trust and willingness to consult their physicians about the use of ITM and CAM. Our results also shed light on the need to educate patients about the necessity of consulting a physician about the use of such therapies to minimize the safety concerns.
Darci Green; Julie Anne Pasco; Lana Jane Williams; Sharon Le Brennan-Olsen
Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2019, , Pages 1-6
Abstract
Context: Worldwide, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with a rapidly increasing global incidence: it is present in high and in lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Overweight and obesity are also a major global health concern, and while they were once considered conditions specific to the ...
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Context: Worldwide, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with a rapidly increasing global incidence: it is present in high and in lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Overweight and obesity are also a major global health concern, and while they were once considered conditions specific to the ‘Western’ world, this geographic patterning has begun to shift.
Evidence Acquisition: Given the large body of evidence regarding associations between lower socioeconomic status and greater cancer incidence and mortality, we undertook a narrative review focusing on global cancer burden and risk, and the association between cancer and body composition, particularly in LMICs. Using the MeSH terms ‘cancer’ and ‘body composition’, and keywords ‘overweight’ or ‘obesity’, and the phrase ‘lower-and middle-income countries’, we identified relevant articles for inclusion in this narrative review.
Results: The key diagnostic mechanism underpinning these associations may be the varied prevalence and distribution of the risk factors most commonly associated to cancer incidence, including smoking, alcohol and diet. Approximately one-third of cancer-related deaths in high income countries (HICs) are due to dietary and behavioural risk factors, which includes overweight and obesity and physical inactivity, and these same risk factors are prevalent in LMICs, which is where the current, yet minimal, priorities for cancer prevention are aimed at reducing.
Conclusions: These data have specific relevance to LMICs in context of increasing levels of obesity, fewer healthcare resources in many LMICs, and lower financial investment into the prevention and management of cancer. Recognising and understanding the process by which cancer risk is linked to body composition parameters and obesity-related lifestyle factors will inform future intervention and prevention efforts. The focus needs to be directed towards implementing and practising such programs across all sectors of the globe, especially within low socioeconomic subpopulations.
Zahra Tolou-Ghamari
Abstract
Background: According to previous studies, breast cancer seems to be the most prevalent cancer and a significant reason of cancer-related deaths among women. Age, race, menorah history, characteristics of breast, reproductive patterns, and many other factors could be mentioned as the risk factors for ...
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Background: According to previous studies, breast cancer seems to be the most prevalent cancer and a significant reason of cancer-related deaths among women. Age, race, menorah history, characteristics of breast, reproductive patterns, and many other factors could be mentioned as the risk factors for this disease.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence rates associated with breast cancer.
Methods: Data related to topography code C50 for the period of 2011 to 2015 were obtained from the Isfahan Cancer Registry office, and its prevalence rate was calculated and expressed per 100000 persons.
Results: There were 4413 cases of breast cancer, 10% of which constituted death record data. The minimum and maximum reported ages were 19 and 94 years old, respectively. The mean age of women was 51.2 ± 12.9 years old. Breast cancer period prevalence was 179.8.1 per 100000 cases that indicated an increment in its incidence by 21.4%. Intraductal carcinoma was reported in 68% of the cases.
Conclusions: During our study period, there was a 21.4% increase in the incidence of breast cancer in Isfahan Province. Further attention of healthcare authorities associated to economic and moral supporting of women to face with this situation, routine detection methods', pharmacotherapy and surgical care recommends to be valuable.
Zohreh Yousefi; Amir Hosein Jafarian; Laya Shirinzadeh; Leila Mousavi Seresh; Nooshin Babapour; Behrouz Davach; Fereshteh Bazmi
Abstract
Introduction: Isolated metastasis of cervical carcinoma to iliopsoas region might be infrequent and its occurrence is a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to report a case of iliopsoas muscle metastasis from cervical carcinoma.
Case Presentation: A 52-year-old multiparous females complaining ...
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Introduction: Isolated metastasis of cervical carcinoma to iliopsoas region might be infrequent and its occurrence is a diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to report a case of iliopsoas muscle metastasis from cervical carcinoma.
Case Presentation: A 52-year-old multiparous females complaining about post menopause bleeding was referred to the researcher’s oncology department. Gynecological examination revealed cervical mass with involved parameters and biopsy confirming squamous cell carcinoma. In addition, the patient had a large cystic mass on the lateral side of pelvic area and abdomen. Investigations detected solid ovarian mass associated with a rise of tumor marker CA-125 and CEA levels. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scan reports suggested possible hematoma in iliopsoas muscle. Imaging-guided biopsy detected metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in iliopsoas muscle mass. Based on diagnosis of advance stage cervical cancer, the patient received chemotherapy following adjuvant radiation therapy.
Conclusions: Metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix to iliopsoas muscle is considered as a rare event. It is recommended to keep this unusual manifestation in mind.
Parvin Mirmiran; Zeinab Ghorbani; Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
Abstract
Context: Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide. This review aimed at providing an updated overview of obesity in Iranian women and its associated complications.
Evidence Acquisition: In this narrative review study, related systematic reviews or meta-analysis studies of high ranking journals ...
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Context: Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide. This review aimed at providing an updated overview of obesity in Iranian women and its associated complications.
Evidence Acquisition: In this narrative review study, related systematic reviews or meta-analysis studies of high ranking journals conducted from 2000 to 2016 were searched in the PubMed, Medline, and Scopus with the following keywords: “women OR female” AND “weight OR overweight OR obesity”, “risk factors OR complications”, “reproduction OR cancer OR cardiovascular disease OR diabetes OR gestational diabetes OR maternal obesity OR fertility OR pregnancy OR polycystic ovary syndrome” OR management.
Results: In Iran, women have shown a constantly higher risk of obesity compared to men. After a 9- year follow-up, the age-standardized incidence rate (95% CI) of diabetes was 10.1 (7.24 - 13.9) in women. The increases in overweight and obesity in menopausal women have an important role in endometrial, colon, and breast cancer. Obesity increases the risk of endometrial cancer 2.4 to 4.5 folds compared to the normal weight women. Maternal obesity increases the risk of gestational hypertension 4.5 to 8.7 times compared to normal weight women. An increasing number of obese women becoming pregnant is associated with short- and long-term maternal and child outcomes. The prevalence of childhood obesity in children of obese women aged 3 to 5 years increases up to 25%; and these children have an almost 6- fold chance of being obese in young adulthood. Weight reduction of obese women is accompanied with lower incidence of obesity complications. The most effective interventions are multiple behavioral management activities.
Conclusions: Considering the large population of young people in Iran and the lack of any effective preventive policy, the burden of obesity and its associated outcomes will be problematic in the near future.
Abbas Rezaianzadeh; Seyedeh Leila Dehghani; Masoomeh Mousavi; Ramin Rezaeianzadeh
Abstract
Background: Uterus cancer is one of the main causes of death in the female population, which mostly occurs in low- or middle-income countries. Up to now, many descriptive studies have been conducted on the prevalence of uterus cancer in Iran and its relationship with various factors. Thus, the present ...
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Background: Uterus cancer is one of the main causes of death in the female population, which mostly occurs in low- or middle-income countries. Up to now, many descriptive studies have been conducted on the prevalence of uterus cancer in Iran and its relationship with various factors. Thus, the present study aimed to summarize the data relevant to the incidence of uterus cancer in Iran.
Methods: All the published reports on the incidence of uterus cancer in Iran were gathered through exploration of international journals. Accordingly, population-based articles and those that defined the topic clearly and reported age-specific rate (ASR) were included in the study. In order to extract the required information, all the articles were studied carefully and some were entered in the report.
Results: Out of the 130 articles, three were selected through careful screening for the final report. These studies were performed on 1086, 8359 and 652 cases and reported ASRs of 0.01, 0.027, and 0.026 in 1000 individuals, respectively.
Discussion: In this study, the incidence of uterus cancer and its geographical diversity in Iran was systematically taken into consideration for the first time. A total of 19875 individuals were studied in three selected articles. The results indicated that the incidence of this cancer followed an ascending trend.
Abbas Rezaianzadeh