Iman Nazari; Behnam Makvandi; Naser Saraj Khorrami; Alireza Heidari
Abstract
Background: Considered as a major health concern worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gestalt group therapy and reality therapy on perceived self-efficacy in women with BC.Methods: This quasi-experimental research ...
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Background: Considered as a major health concern worldwide, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer among women. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gestalt group therapy and reality therapy on perceived self-efficacy in women with BC.Methods: This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest and posttest with a control group and follow-up period. The statistical population included all the women with BC visiting the subspecialty clinic of cancer in Yasuj, Iran, in 2021. We selected 60 patients via convenience sampling method. Afterwards, using a random number table, we placed them in two experimental groups and a control group (n=20 women in each group). The first experimental group received gestalt therapy (10 sessions of 60 minutes; once a week) while the second experimental group received reality therapy (based on choice theory) (10 sessions of 60 minutes; once a week). The control group was placed on the waiting list. We used the general self-efficacy scale for data collection. The data were analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS version 25.Results: Mean and standard deviation of the perceived self-efficacy for gestalt therapy, reality therapy, and control groups in the posttest were 52.06±8.83, 55.93±8.66, and 39.33±7.56, respectively. The results indicated that the gestalt group therapy and the reality therapy affected the perceived self-efficacy of women with BC (P<0.001). Moreover, the findings depicted no significant differences between the gestalt group therapy and the reality theory. The effects persisted in the follow-up (P<0.001).Conclusions: According to the results, the gestalt group therapy and the reality therapy could improve the psychological capacity and adaptability of women with BC in different personal and social aspects. Hence, psychotherapists are advised to employ gestalt group therapy and reality therapy in counseling centers in order to enhance perceived self-efficacy in women with BC.
Reyhaneh Farhad pour; Masoumeh Azmodeh; Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei; Seyed Davood Hosseini Nasab
Abstract
Background: The presence of specific learning disability (LD) in any family overshadows the structure and mental health of family members, especially mothers. The purpose of this study was the modeling of loneliness in mothers with children having LD based on coping strategies with the mediating role ...
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Background: The presence of specific learning disability (LD) in any family overshadows the structure and mental health of family members, especially mothers. The purpose of this study was the modeling of loneliness in mothers with children having LD based on coping strategies with the mediating role of self-efficacy. Methods: The method of the current study was structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all the mothers with children having LD referred to medical centers in Tabriz, Iran in 2021, 300 of which were selected as the sample via purposive sampling and the questionnaires of loneliness (Russell and Pilva, 1980), coping techniques (Billing and Moss, 1981), and self-efficacy (Asghari and Nicholas, 1989) were completed. The obtained data were statistically analyzed through correlation coefficient and path analysis using SPSS and AMOS software. Results: The findings showed that the direct path from problem-oriented strategy to feeling lonely (P=0.009), from emotionoriented strategy to self-efficacy (P=0.0001), from emotion-oriented strategy to feeling lonely(P=0.032), and self-efficacy to feeling lonely (P=0.008) were statistically significant, but problem-oriented strategy to self-efficacy was not of significance(P=0.413). Additionally, the indirect pathway from problem-oriented to feeling lonely via self-efficacy was not significant (P=0.395), but emotion oriented to feeling lonely via self-efficacy was significant (P=0.005). Conclusion: Based on the results of this work, it could be acknowledged that researchers and consultants in educational and medical centers can benefit by holding training workshops on coping strategies and skills training to strengthen self-efficacy and reduce the feeling of loneliness of mothers with LD children.
Manoosh Mehrabi; Shole Zarei; Leila Bazrafkan; Ali Reza Safarpour
Abstract
Background: Increasing breastfeeding rates around the world is one of the most important goals of the World Health Organization. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of smart phone-based education and regular delivery of designed messages on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous mothers. ...
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Background: Increasing breastfeeding rates around the world is one of the most important goals of the World Health Organization. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of smart phone-based education and regular delivery of designed messages on breastfeeding self-efficacy in primiparous mothers. Methods: This study was an educational intervention in which 120 primiparous breastfeeding mothers were randomly allocated into two groups from March 2018 to March 2019. The control group received routine counseling interventions and the intervention group received a smart phone messaging program. We collected the data using demographic questionnaire and Dennis short form breast feeding questionnaire. Self-efficacy levels were compared in the two groups before and after the study procedures. We analyzed the data utilizing Student t-test, chi square, and one way – ANOVA. Results: In this study, 60 mothers were studied in each group, and then the collected data were analyzed. The mean posttest scores in the intervention group (60.40±4.92) and the control group (50.10±7.60) were compared. The results indicated a statistically significant difference between the groups (p <0.001). Working mothers and mothers with a higher level of education had significantly higher self-efficacy score following the intervention (P=0.04 and P=0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Breastfeeding counseling through text, audio, and video messages may increase maternal self-efficacy, particularly in high educated mothers and working ones.
Masoome Alidosti; Masoumeh Delaram; Lila Dehgani; Mojgan Maleki Moghadam
Abstract
Background: Burnout is a leading cause of physical and psychological injuries and evaluating the relationship between the self-efficacy and burnout of nurses could provide new knowledge on the organization of the subject.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy ...
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Background: Burnout is a leading cause of physical and psychological injuries and evaluating the relationship between the self-efficacy and burnout of nurses could provide new knowledge on the organization of the subject.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and burnout among nurses in Behbahan city, Iran, in 2014.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 151 nurses were randomly selected from 3 hospitals in Behbahan city proportionate to their staff number. Data were collected using the Maslach burnout and the Scherer self-efficacy questionnaires. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test and Spearman correlation coefficient by SPSS software version 16. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: From a total of 151 nurses, 39 cases were male and 112 were female. The mean age was 33.5 ± 8.7 years and the mean of self-efficacy was 60.89 ± 6.58. Most nurses had low burnout in the subscales of depersonalization (63.6%) and emotional exhaustion (64.2%); however, regarding lack of personal accomplishments most of them (65.6%) reported higher levels of burnout. The results also showed a significant and inverse difference between the self-efficacy and three dimensions of burnout, depersonalization (P < 0.001, r = -0.29), emotional exhaustion (P < 0.001, r = -0.49), and lack of personal accomplishments (P = 0.01, r = -0.26).
Conclusions: The findings of the present study show that increasing self-efficacy among nurses can lead to a decrease in burnout in the subscales of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, and lack of personal accomplishment. Adopting strategies for increasing the self-efficacy would help reduce the burnout and increase motivation and satisfaction among nurses.
Maryam Hasanshahi; Abdolvahab Baghbanian; Maryam Amidi Mazaheri
Abstract
Background: In the recent years, spirituality and its effect on people’s health have become a subject of interest. Identifying the factors related to spiritual well-being, especially for students as the educated class and future decision-makers of the society, is very important.
Objectives: The ...
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Background: In the recent years, spirituality and its effect on people’s health have become a subject of interest. Identifying the factors related to spiritual well-being, especially for students as the educated class and future decision-makers of the society, is very important.
Objectives: The present study was carried out in order to determine the relationship between spiritual well-being and self-efficacy in students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was carried out during year 2014. One-hundred and seventy-five students of medical, health and modern science technology colleges of Isfahan University were selected by random sampling. The data was collected via demographic specification, spirituality well-being and self-efficacy questionnaires, and the information was analyzed by the SPSS software using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson and regression correlation coefficient. The significance level was considered lower than 0.01%.
Results: In total, 175 students including 75 males and 100 females participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 23.8 ± 0.29 years. About 70% of the students were single and the remaining were married. With respect to education, 47.7% had Bachelor of Science (BS), 28.4% had Master of Science (MS) and the remaining were PHD students. The mean score of the students under study was 97.5 and the mean score of self-efficacy was estimated as 33.41. There was a positive significant relationship between spiritual well-being and self-efficacy (R = 0.41 and P < 0.0001).
Conclusions: In the present study, spiritual well-being had a direct relationship with self-efficacy. As for the importance of spirituality in mental health, it is suggested to make arrangements in order to promote self-efficacy in students.
