Mary Josephine Donovan Sharpe
Raha Afshariani
Fahimeh Haghighatdoost; Leila Azadbakht
Mohammad Ali Baghapour
Mehran Karimi; Nader Cohan; Shirin Parand
Mohammad Shahbazi
Najmeh Maharlouei
Farkhondeh Sharif
Hassan Joulaei
Marieke van der Waal
Roxana Sharifian; Elham Fallahnejad; Fatemeh Niknam
Fatemeh Ghodrati; Zahra Yazdanpanahi; Marzieh Akbarzadeh
Abstract
Background: Religious values and attitudes can be considered as a guideline for sexual relationship and gender related roles.
Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between religious attitudes, and some sexual characteristics with marital satisfaction among females of ...
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Background: Religious values and attitudes can be considered as a guideline for sexual relationship and gender related roles.
Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the relationship between religious attitudes, and some sexual characteristics with marital satisfaction among females of reproductive age in 2014 - 2015.
Methods: The current descriptive-analytical study investigated the relationship between religious attitudes and some sexual characteristics, and marital satisfaction on 210 females of reproductive age. Firstly, cluster sampling was conducted. The sexual trait questionnaire and religious attitude scale, which contains 25 questions in 6 areas related to the religious attitudes, were distributed. Sexual trait questionnaire includes questions on pre-sex motivations, premature ejaculation, young couple’s education, couples’ intimate relationships, and finally couples’ satisfaction. Chi-square test was applied to analyze the data, using SPSS software.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 30.35 ± 7.52 years. According to the Chi-square result, there was a significant relationship between religious attitudes and pre-sex motivations (P = 0.001), young couples` education (P = 0.005), couples’ intimate relationships (P = 0.002), and couples’ satisfaction (P ≤ 0.001). However, there was no significant association between early ejaculation and religious attitude (P = 0.11).
Conclusions: The results revealed a significant relationship between religious attitudes and pre-sex motivation, sexuality, and sexual arousal. Therefore, education on sex-based issues and couples’ intimate relationships, which leads to decreased premature ejaculation and more sexual satisfaction, seem to be necessary. The results of the current study showed a significant relationship between religious attitudes, sexuality and sexual arousal. Also, the need for sex education and emotional intimacy between male and female are necessary to reduce premature ejaculation and enhance sexual satisfaction.
Roksana Janghorban; Najmeh Maharlouei
Mary V. Seeman
Abstract
Context: Mental health professionals interact with substantial numbers of parents, mainly mothers, who suffer from severe mental disorders and who are treated, acutely or chronically, with antipsychotic medication. The behavior of these clients is affected by their primary illness but also by many other ...
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Context: Mental health professionals interact with substantial numbers of parents, mainly mothers, who suffer from severe mental disorders and who are treated, acutely or chronically, with antipsychotic medication. The behavior of these clients is affected by their primary illness but also by many other factors, including their drug regimen. The treating team, however, does not always recognize that a drug can profoundly impact cognition and behavior. The aim of this paper is to inform non-medical mental health workers how antipsychotic medication (AP) can influence client cognition and behavior, and thereby impact the safety of the client’s children. Indirectly, APs can also affect the immediate and longer-term behavior of the children.
Evidence Acquisition: This article qualitatively reviews the very sparse literature on antipsychotic effects on cognition and behavior in populations of mentally ill mothers of young children. This narrative review includes case illustrations taken from a clinic for women with psychotic disorders. Also included are references to studies of rodent maternal behavior, as influenced by antipsychotic drugs.
Results: Animal studies have shown that maternal behavior in rodents is impaired by antipsychotic drugs. In humans, drug effects such as sedation, dizziness, indicated thinking, tardive dyskinesia, increased appetite, and sleepwalking, as well as client beliefs about and attitudes toward their drugs, can affect their problem solving, decision-making, and behavior and, thus, play a critical role in child custody determinations. Behavior induced by drugs includes issues of tolerance, withdrawal, and sensitization. Importantly, there are major safety concerns related to APs.
Conclusions: Listening attentively when clients speak about their drugs and understanding potential drug effects help mental health professionals increase their therapeutic efficacy and make sound decisions about clients and their children.
Keon-Cheol Lee
Abstract
Female sex hormones are thought to be important in the histological and functional maintenance of the genitourinary tract. Estrogen deficiency after menopause may be related to urinary symptoms. Postmenopausal atrophic changes cause genital and urinary deterioration and reduce sexual health, resulting ...
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Female sex hormones are thought to be important in the histological and functional maintenance of the genitourinary tract. Estrogen deficiency after menopause may be related to urinary symptoms. Postmenopausal atrophic changes cause genital and urinary deterioration and reduce sexual health, resulting in an overactive bladder. Ovariectomized virgin rats appear to be an optimal postmenopausal animal model, as they are free of the confounding effects of delivery and advancing age. Although the exact mechanisms of postmenopausal bladder dysfunction are undetermined, decreased vascularity has been introduced as the primary event resulting in atrophy, with possible underlying mechanisms, which can explain bladder dysfunction. Local administration of estrogen seems to be effective in the management of urinary symptoms in postmenopausal women, and this route of administration has the advantage of alleviating the adverse side effects of systemic replacement.
Marzieh Lotfalizade; Nayereh Khadem Ghaebi; Farideh Golhasani Keshtan; Vida Taghipour Bazargani
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of nitric oxide (Isosorbide mononitrate) versus misoprostol in cervix ripening and labor progression.
Methods: This study was a clinical trial. One hundred females with term pregnancies, referred for induction of labor with bishop score of ...
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of nitric oxide (Isosorbide mononitrate) versus misoprostol in cervix ripening and labor progression.
Methods: This study was a clinical trial. One hundred females with term pregnancies, referred for induction of labor with bishop score of six or less, were randomly allocated to receive either 40 mg Isosorbide Mononitrate (IMN) tablet vaginally or 25 µg misoprostol vaginally every six hours for a maximum of three doses. P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The bishop score decreased significantly due to increasing abortion numbers (P = 0.04; r = -0.19), yet this relationship in the two studied groups wasn’t significant (P misoprostol = 0.67; r = -0.06, and PIMN = 0.57; r = -0.05). The mean primary bishop score was similar in the two groups (P = 0.06) yet the final score in the IMN group was significantly lower than the misoprostol group (P = 0.001). Also, Apgar score in the IMN group was significantly higher than the misoprostol group (P = 0.02). There was a significant difference between the side effects (meconium amniotic fluid, nausea, atony, abdominal pain and tachysystole) and medication group, while this was significantly lower in IMN than the misoprostol group (P = 0.001). P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Conclusions: Cervical ripening with IMN resulted in fewer adverse effects, and it was safer to use for cervical ripening. Therefore, it could be a good substitute for patients with a contraindication for misoprostol.
Najmeh Maharlouei; Hassan Joulaei
Seyed Ali Hosseini; Nasibeh Kazemi; Saeedeh Shadmehri; Shariat Jalili; Mozhgan Ahmadi
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training in water and land with vitamin D on anti-Mullerian hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Sixty women with PCOS (20 - 35 years old) referred to the Hafez Hospital in Shiraz in 2018 were selected and ...
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Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of resistance training in water and land with vitamin D on anti-Mullerian hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Sixty women with PCOS (20 - 35 years old) referred to the Hafez Hospital in Shiraz in 2018 were selected and randomly divided into six groups of (1) control, (2) water training, (3) land training, (4) vitamin D, (5) water training with vitamin D, and (6) land training with vitamin D. Groups 2, 3, 5, and 6 performed resistance training in water and land for eight weeks, three sessions per week, while groups 4, 5 and 6 consumed vitamin D for eight weeks. For statistical analysis of data independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests were used (P ≤ 0.05). Results: Training in water and land have no significant effect on anti-Mullerian hormone (P ≥ 0.05); vitamin D, training in water with vitamin D, and training in land with vitamin D have significant effect on reduction of anti-Mullerian hormone (P = 0.001); training in water with vitamin D and training in land with vitamin D have more effect on reduction of anti-Mullerian hormone rather than vitamin D (P ≤ 0.05) and after training in water with vitamin D (P = 0.01) and training in land with vitamin D (P = 0.001) there is a significant relationship between anti-Mullerian hormone changes and weight. Conclusions: It appears that resistance training in water and land combined with vitamin D consumption may decrease the anti-Mullerian hormone by reduction in weight and as a result improve ovarian and reproductive function in women with PCOS.
Najmeh Maharlouei
Maryam Farbod; Mojtaba Eizadi; Sakineh Davoodzadeh
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with a high prevalence of chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. Objectives The current study aimed at evaluating the role of aerobic exercise program on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as enzymes indicative ...
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Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic with a high prevalence of chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome and fatty liver. Objectives The current study aimed at evaluating the role of aerobic exercise program on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as enzymes indicative of fatty liver in adult females with obesity. Methods: Twenty-eight inactive females with obesity matched by age (mean: 37 ± 6 years) and weight (mean: 83 ± 7 kg) were enrolled in the current study and randomly divided into exercise and control groups. Exercise subjects underwent a three-month aerobic exercise intervention (three sessions per week for up to 45 minutes) as running at 60 - 75 of maximum heart rate in fall 2016, Saveh city, Iran. Before and after the intervention, liver enzymes and their ratio as well as anthropometrical markers were measured in the two groups. Statistical tests were applied using independent and paired t-tests (P < 0.05). Results: There was a significant reduction in the mean values of body weight (P = 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.002), body fat percentage (P = 0.001), abdominal circumference (P = 0.001), and visceral fat (P = 0.028) was observed following the aerobic training in the exercise group. No significant change was observed in AST (P = 0.096) and ALT (P = 0.104) levels following the training program in the exercise group. Despite unchanged AST and ALT levels, aerobic training resulted in a significant decrease in AST/ALT ratio in the exercise subjects (P = 0.021). There were no changes in these variables in the control group. Conclusions: With emphasis on improved AST/ALT ratio and obesity indicatives, it was concluded that regular aerobic training can be preventing fatty liver in female adults with obesity.
Darci Green; Julie Anne Pasco; Lana Jane Williams; Sharon Le Brennan-Olsen
Volume 6, Issue 3 , July 2019, , Pages 1-6
Abstract
Context: Worldwide, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with a rapidly increasing global incidence: it is present in high and in lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Overweight and obesity are also a major global health concern, and while they were once considered conditions specific to the ...
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Context: Worldwide, cancer is the second leading cause of death, with a rapidly increasing global incidence: it is present in high and in lower-middle income countries (LMICs). Overweight and obesity are also a major global health concern, and while they were once considered conditions specific to the ‘Western’ world, this geographic patterning has begun to shift.
Evidence Acquisition: Given the large body of evidence regarding associations between lower socioeconomic status and greater cancer incidence and mortality, we undertook a narrative review focusing on global cancer burden and risk, and the association between cancer and body composition, particularly in LMICs. Using the MeSH terms ‘cancer’ and ‘body composition’, and keywords ‘overweight’ or ‘obesity’, and the phrase ‘lower-and middle-income countries’, we identified relevant articles for inclusion in this narrative review.
Results: The key diagnostic mechanism underpinning these associations may be the varied prevalence and distribution of the risk factors most commonly associated to cancer incidence, including smoking, alcohol and diet. Approximately one-third of cancer-related deaths in high income countries (HICs) are due to dietary and behavioural risk factors, which includes overweight and obesity and physical inactivity, and these same risk factors are prevalent in LMICs, which is where the current, yet minimal, priorities for cancer prevention are aimed at reducing.
Conclusions: These data have specific relevance to LMICs in context of increasing levels of obesity, fewer healthcare resources in many LMICs, and lower financial investment into the prevention and management of cancer. Recognising and understanding the process by which cancer risk is linked to body composition parameters and obesity-related lifestyle factors will inform future intervention and prevention efforts. The focus needs to be directed towards implementing and practising such programs across all sectors of the globe, especially within low socioeconomic subpopulations.
Sara Noruzi; Masoomeh Maarefvand; Hamidreza Khankeh; Mostafa Eghlima
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the sources and studies on couple’s sexual satisfaction and the related factors. Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review was used in this study. The literature was searched in the following Iranian electronic databases: Google scholar, Iran Medex, ...
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Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the sources and studies on couple’s sexual satisfaction and the related factors. Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review was used in this study. The literature was searched in the following Iranian electronic databases: Google scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Information Science (IRANDOC), Novin Pajouh, and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC). After analysis of 117 papers and exclusion of irrelevant articles, 35 full texts were assessed and finally 22 articles were selected for analysis. Results: The related factors of sexual satisfaction were classified into five groups: physiological, physical, psychological, personal and demographic, communication, and social factors. Most studies are focused on examining the impact of different therapeutic and counseling approaches and few studies are concentrated on the role of macro-structural, social, religious, and cultural factors. Conclusions: Identifying factors related to sexual satisfaction from different social, religious, cultural, personal, and communicative dimensions help to better understand the subject and guide people for a more sustainable life.
Abed Ebrahimi; Fatemeh Ghodrati
Abstract
Objective: Maternal mental health is one of the most important indicators of pregnancy health. Anxiety and stress affect maternal and fetal outcomes. The present review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of certain complementary medicine methods in reducing pregnancy anxiety. Evidence Acquisition: ...
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Objective: Maternal mental health is one of the most important indicators of pregnancy health. Anxiety and stress affect maternal and fetal outcomes. The present review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of certain complementary medicine methods in reducing pregnancy anxiety. Evidence Acquisition: Data source in this review was related to articles searched in local scientific databases and international databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google scholar. Search for articles was done by using keywords of pregnancy anxiety, complementary medicine, acupuncture and acupressure, aromatherapy, spiritual therapy, and psychotherapy without any time limitations. At the end of the search, out of 165 obtained articles, 70 were reviewed. Exclusion criteria were irrelevant research studies, inadequate data in the study, lack of access to the full text of articles, animal studies, editorial studies, and reports. Results: Aromatherapy, acupressure, relaxation training skills, maternal, fetal, and neonatal attachment techniques, psychotherapy, and spiritual therapy have been employed in different studies to control pregnancy anxiety. These methods had significant and measurable effects on reducing and controlling maternal anxiety during pregnancy, and in some studies, they improved neonatal growth and development indices. Conclusion: The efficiency of complementary medicine along with the use of therapeutic techniques in classical medicine can provide a new model for reducing the anxiety of pregnant women. It is recommended that health care planners use this integrated, easy-to-use, cost-effective approach so as to reduce the anxiety of pregnant mothers.
Najmeh Maharlouei
Abstract
The Coronavirus family are positive-sense, singlestrand, and linear RNA viruses with a wide range of manifestations from mild respiratory symptoms such as common cold to severe respiratory distress and death and certain gastrointestinal symptoms (1). Some important members of Coronavirus family, causing ...
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The Coronavirus family are positive-sense, singlestrand, and linear RNA viruses with a wide range of manifestations from mild respiratory symptoms such as common cold to severe respiratory distress and death and certain gastrointestinal symptoms (1). Some important members of Coronavirus family, causing the pandemic, are Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Love Bukola Ayamolowo; Sunday Joseph Ayamolowo; Titilayo Dorothy Odetola
Abstract
Context: The high incidence of unplanned pregnancy among adolescents is a significant public health issue contributing to maternal and child mortality. This review aimed at identifying risk factors influencing unplanned pregnancy and measures applied by nurses to provide quality healthcare services to ...
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Context: The high incidence of unplanned pregnancy among adolescents is a significant public health issue contributing to maternal and child mortality. This review aimed at identifying risk factors influencing unplanned pregnancy and measures applied by nurses to provide quality healthcare services to rural adolescents. Evidence Acquisition: We conducted a narrative review on risk factors influencing unplanned pregnancy and measures taken by nurses to provide quality healthcare services to adolescents. An ecological model was adopted in guiding the analysis. The data source were the research and review articles published in peer-reviewed journals using PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. We hired two independent reviewers for data extraction. Initially, the records of 843 articles were assessed, out of which 60 articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, hence included in the review. Results: The model recognizes multiple levels of influence on health behaviours, including intrapersonal factors (individual’s educational status, sexual activity and contraceptives use), interpersonal factors (poor parent-adolescent communication, influence of peers and media), organizational factors (sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and services), contextual factors (socio-cultural norms), and public policy (which provides no accessibility to quality SRH services for adolescents). Youthfriendly SRH education and services were some of the identified Nurses’ roles in preventing unplanned pregnancy among rural adolescents. Conclusions: The review identified five major risk factors influencing unplanned pregnancy among rural adolescents, namely educational level, use of contraceptives, peer influence, quality of sexuality education, and availability of youth-friendly SRH services. Roles of nurses in providing quality healthcare services to rural adolescents for the prevention and management of unplanned pregnancy were discussed.
