Document Type : Research Article
Authors
- Thanh Cong Bui 1
- Christine M Markham 1
- Pamela M Diamond 1
- Ly Thi-Hai Tran 2
- Michael W Ross 1
- Huong Thi-Hoai Nguyen 3
- Thach Ngoc Le 4
1 Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
2 Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
3 Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
4 Department of Sociology, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Abstract
Background: The conceptualization and measurement of gender-based relations and equity are still challenging to researchers worldwide. Given a growing number of health studies which want to take into account the roles of gender relations, there is a need for quantitative measures of this determinant.
Objectives: Based on the theory of gender and power and results from our previous qualitative work, this analysis aims to examine the applicability, reliability, and validity of a set of self-perceived gender-relation measures in the Mekong delta of Vietnam.
Methods: Data came from a cross-sectional survey of 1181 undergraduate female students from two universities. Second-order latent variable modeling was used to examine applicability of theoretical structures and validity of measuring items. Single-factor modeling was employed to screen for the most relevant dimensions of self-perceived gender relations.
Results: The second-order modeling showed good fit, suggesting that the theory well explained self-perceptions of gender relations. The consistency of models across 500 hypothetical bootstrapping samples further substantiated factorial validity of measures. Students who ever had a boyfriend held slightly different perceptions of gender relations compared to those who never had a boyfriend.
Conclusions: The final parsimonious set of measures which had best loadings onto perceived subordination consisted of ten dimensions; this provides a practical application to measure self-perceived gender relations in other health research.
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