1. Walter E, Cambridge advanced learner's dictionary. Cambridge university press; 2008. ## 2. Tsigonia A, Tanagra D, Linos A, Merekoulias G, Alexopoulos EC. Musculoskeletal disorders among cosmetologists. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2009;6(12):2967-79. doi: 10.3390/ijerph6122967. PubMed PMID: 20049238; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2800326. ## 3. Gowda H, Mascarenhas SP, Patil DP, Pandit U. Hand Function Assessment in Beauticians. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2016;6(12):121-126. ## 4. Yeomans L, Coldwell M, Saunders J. An exploratory study of occupational health risks for beauty therapists who carry out massage and spray tanning treatments. Derbyshire: Health and Safety Laboratory for the Health and Safety Executive; 2009. Avilable from: https://www.hse.gov.uk/research/rrhtm/rr721.htm. ## 5. Sahrmann S, Azevedo DC, Dillen LV. Diagnosis and treatment of movement system impairment syndromes. Braz J Phys Ther. 2017;21(6):391-399. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2017.08.001. PubMed PMID: 29097026; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5693453. ## 6. Diez-Caballero BR, Alfonso-Beltrán J, Bautista IJ, Barrios C. Occupational risk factors for shoulder chronic tendinous pathology in the Spanish automotive manufacturing sector: a case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21(1):818. doi:10.1186/s12891-020-03801-5. PubMed PMID: 33287768; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7722306. ## 7. Morris CE, Bonnefin D, Darville C. The Torsional Upper Crossed Syndrome: A multi-planar update to Janda's model, with a case series introduction of the mid-pectoral fascial lesion as an associated etiological factor. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2015;19(4):681-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2015.08.008. PubMed PMID: 26592225. ## 8. Sohrabi S, Rahimi M, Babaei-Mobarakeh M, Piri H. The Effect of Eight Weeks of Iyengar Yoga With an Emphasis on Spine and Shoulder Exercises on the Upper Cross Syndrome in Middle-aged Women. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation, 2020;14(3):159-168. doi: 10.32598/JMR.14.3.3. ## 9. Masooma K, Naweed J, Razzaq M, Latif N, Wali S. Frequency of Upper Back Pain and its causes among Female Beauticians in Islamabad Pakistan. JRCRS. 2020;8(2):56-60. doi: 10.5455/JRCRS.2020080203. ## 10. Dhage P, Anap D. Prevalence of an “Upper Crossed Syndrome in Physiotherapy College Students”–A Cross-Sectional Study. VIMS Health Science Journal. 2019;6(1):10-13. ## 11. Mujawar JC, Sagar JH. Prevalence of upper cross syndrome in laundry workers. Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2019;23(1):54-56. doi: 10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_169_18. PubMed PMID: 31040591; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6477943. ## 12. Moore MK. Upper crossed syndrome and its relationship to cervicogenic headache. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004;27(6):414-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2004.05.007. PubMed PMID: 15319765. ## 13. Page P. Shoulder muscle imbalance and subacromial impingement syndrome in overhead athletes. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011;6(1):51-8. PubMed PMID: 21655457; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3105366. ## 14. Gu SY, Hwangbo G, Lee JH. Relationship between position sense and reposition errors according to the degree of upper crossed syndrome. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(2):438-41. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.438. PubMed PMID: 27065528; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4792986. ## 15. Kirthika SV, Sudhakar S, Padmanabhan K, Ramanathan K. Impact of upper crossed syndrome on pulmonary function among the recreational male players: A preliminary report. Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine. 2018;18(2):71-74. doi: 10.4103/sjsm.sjsm_51_17. ## 16. Jafari M, Zolaktaf V, Ghasemi G. Functional Movement Screen composite scores in firefighters: effects of corrective exercise training. J Sport Rehabil. 2020;29(1):102-106. doi: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0080. PubMed PMID: 30526266. ## 17. Golchini A, Rahnama N. Effect of 12-week corrective exercises on postural sways in male students with pronation distortion syndrome. Research in Sport Medicine and Technology. 2020;10(19):127-145. doi: 10.29252/jsmt.18.19.127. Persian. ## 18. Maarouf A, Norasteh A, Daneshmandi H, Ebrahimi-Atri A. Effect of a Corrective Exercise Program Based on Scapular Stability on Upper Cross Syndrome in Wheelchair Basketball Athletes. Iran J War Public Health. 2020;12(1):19-27. doi: 10.29252/ijwph.12.1.19. ## 19. Golchini A, Rahnama N, Lotfi Foroushani M. Effect of Corrective Exercises with a New Approach on the Isometric Strength in People with Pronation Distortion Syndrome. Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation. 2021;9(4):41-60. doi: 10.22038/jpsr.2021.41817.1990. Persian. ## 20. Karimian R, Rahnama N, Ghasemi G, Lenjannejadian S. Photogrammetric Analysis of Upper Cross Syndrome among Teachers and the Effects of National Academy of Sports Medicine Exercises with Ergonomic Intervention on the Syndrome. J Res Health Sci. 2019;19(3):e00450. PubMed PMID: 31586371; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7183553. ## 21. Jiang F, Luo R, Tang J, Ye Y, Yan-ling Z. Therapeutic observation of manipulation plus exercise therapy in treating upper crossed syndrome postures of primary school students. J Acupunct Tuina Sci. 2020;18(3):231-237. doi: 10.1007/s11726-020-1182-z. ## 22. Seidi F. The effect of a 12-week corrective exercises program on Forward head and shoulder deformities. Studies in Sport Medicine. 2014;5(14):31-44. Persian. ## 23. Roshani S, Yousefi M, Sokhtezari Z, Khalil Khodaparast M. The Effect of a Corrective Exercise Program on Upper Crossed Syndrome in a Blind Person. Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences & Research, 2019;6(3):148-152. doi: 10.30476/jrsr.2019.83417.1044. ## 24. Bae WS, Lee HO, Shin JW, Lee KC. The effect of middle and lower trapezius strength exercises and levator scapulae and upper trapezius stretching exercises in upper crossed syndrome. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(5):1636-9. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.1636. PubMed PMID: 27313388; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4905927. ## 25. Amjad F, Azeem MT, Daula SA, Ijaz B. Effectiveness of Mckenzie Traction and Exercises on Neck Pain Secondary to Upper Crossed Syndrome. Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing. 2020;74. doi: 10.7176/JHMN/74-07. ## 26. Rana AA, Ahmad A, Gillani SA, Idrees MQ, Awan I. Effects of conventional physical therapy with and without muscle energy techniques for treatment of Upper Cross Syndrome. RMJ. 2020;45(1):127-132. ## 27. Bayattork M, Seidi F, Minoonejad H, Andersen LL, Page P. The effectiveness of a comprehensive corrective exercises program and subsequent detraining on alignment, muscle activation, and movement pattern in men with upper crossed syndrome: protocol for a parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020;21(1):255. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-4159-9. PubMed PMID: 32164773; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7069207. ## 28. Rayjade A, Yadav T, Chintamani R, Joshi N. Comparative Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping and Ift in Upper Cross Syndrome-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2020;14(3):127-132. doi: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i3.10339. ## 29. Łukasik E, Targosiński P, Szymański M, etkiewicz-Ryłów O, Styczeń P, Wychowański M. Comparing the effectiveness of myofascial techniques with massage in persons with upper crossed syndrome (preliminary report). Postepy Rehabilitacji. 2017;31(2):53-67. doi: 10.1515/rehab-2015-0067. ## 30. Seidi F, Bayattork M, Minoonejad H, Andersen LL, Page P. Comprehensive corrective exercise program improves alignment, muscle activation and movement pattern of men with upper crossed syndrome: randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):20688. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77571-4. PubMed PMID: 33244045; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7692548. ## 31. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang AG, Buchner A. G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods. 2007;39(2):175-91. doi: 10.3758/bf03193146. PubMed PMID: 17695343. ## 32. Kadam RA. Informed consent process: A step further towards making it meaningful! Perspect Clin Res. 2017;8(3):107-112. doi: 10.4103/picr.PICR_147_16. PubMed PMID: 28828304; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5543760. ## 33. Thigpen CA, Padua DA, Michener LA, Guskiewicz K, Giuliani C, Keener JD, et al. Head and shoulder posture affect scapular mechanics and muscle activity in overhead tasks. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2010;20(4):701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.12.003. PubMed PMID: 20097090. ## 34. Yousefi M, Ilbeigi S, Mehrshad N, Afzalpour ME, Naghibi E. Comparing the validity of non-invasive methods in measuring thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2012;14(4):37-42. ## 35. Clark M, Lucett S. NASM Essentials of Corrective Exercise Training. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. ## 36. Park HC, Kim YS, Seok SH, Lee SK. The effect of complex training on the children with all of the deformities including forward head, rounded shoulder posture, and lumbar lordosis. Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. 2014;10(3):172-175. doi: 10.12965/jer.140113. ##