Reliability and Validity of the Persian Version of the Quality of Life Questionnaire for Mothers of Children with Disabilities

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Department of Psychology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Background: Mothers of children with disabilities experience significant psychological and emotional stress, necessitating a valid and reliable tool to assess their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and standardize the Quality of Life Questionnaire for mothers of children with disabilities.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of children with disabilities residing in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022, to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the quality of Life Questionnaire. The target population encompassed all mothers meeting these criteria, from which a simple random sample of 379 participants was drawn. The Quality of Life Questionnaire and a perceived social support measure were administered to the study participants. The psychometric properties of the Quality of Life Questionnaire were evaluated using SPSS version 26. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while content validity was determined through expert judgment and calculated using the Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index.
Results: The results indicated satisfactory internal consistency, as demonstrated by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.955) and composite reliability (0.965). All 16 items exhibited excellent item-total correlations (Cohen’s kappa >0.60), suggesting strong internal consistency. Content validity was established through experts panel review (content validity index range: 0.86-1.00). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the questionnaire, and normative data were successfully established.
Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that the questionnaire possesses adequate psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, thus supporting its suitability for assessing the quality of life among mothers of children with disabilities.

Highlights

Salar Doosti: (Google Scholar)

Farzaneh Hooman: (Google Scholar)

Keywords

References

  1. Bertelli MO, Munir K, Harris J, Salvador-Carulla L. "Intellectual developmental disorders": reflections on the international consensus document for redefining "mental retardation-intellectual disability" in ICD-11. Adv Ment Health Intellect Disabil. 2016;10(1):36-58. doi: 10.1108/AMHID-10-2015-0050. PubMed PMID: 27066217; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4822711. ##
  2. Eskandari L, Hooman F, Asgari P, Alizadeh M. Association between Maternal Cognitive Fusion and Depression and Children’s Sadness Management in Students with Specific Learning Disorders through an Artificial Neural Network. Women Health Bull. 2023;10(4):275-282. doi: 10.30476/whb.2024.100816.1259. ##
  3. Woodman AC, Mawdsley HP, Hauser-Cram P. Parenting stress and child behavior problems within families of children with developmental disabilities: Transactional relations across 15 years. Res Dev Disabil. 2015;36C:264-276. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.10.011. PubMed PMID: 25462487; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4425632. ##
  4. Çalışkan Z, Özyurt G, Evgin D, Kaplan B, Caner N. The effect of a training program on family stress and life satisfaction: A randomized controlled study of mothers of children with disabilities. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2024;49:106-112. doi: 1016/j.apnu.2024.02.008. PubMed PMID: 38734445. ##
  5. Farhad pour R, Azmodeh M, Tabatabaei SM, Hosseini Nasab SD. Modeling of Loneliness in Mothers with Children having Specific Learning Disorders based on Coping Strategies with the Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy. Women Health Bull. 2022;9(1):17-23. doi: 10.30476/whb.2022.93185.1149. ##
  6. Yarar F, Akdam M, Çarpan İ, Topal S, Şenol H, Tekin F. Impact of having a disabled child on mothers’ anxiety, depression and quality of life levels. Pamukkale Medical Journal. 2021;14(1):223-32. doi: 10.31362/patd.758161. ##
  7. Kundu P, George LS, Yesodharan R. Quality of life and empowerment among women. J Educ Health Promot. 2022;11:185. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_433_21. PubMed PMID: 36003234; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9393925. ##
  8. Kundu P, George LS, Yesodharan R. Quality of life and empowerment among women. J Educ Health Promot. 2022;11:185. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_433_21. PubMed PMID: 36003234; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9393925. ##
  9. Azhdari A, Zarei E, Mohammadi K. An Assessment of the Correlations between Marital Adjustment and Marital Satisfaction based on Light Triad Traits and Quality of Life in Women. Women Health Bull. 2024;11(1):64-74. doi: 10.30476/whb.2024.101717.1270. ##
  10. West JS, Kamis C. The Long-Term Impact of Childhood Disability on Mental Health Trajectories in Mid- to Late-Life. J Aging Health. 2022;34(6-8):818-830. doi: 10.1177/08982643211066184. PubMed PMID: 34963347; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9933120. ##
  11. Chen C, Bailey C, Baikie G, Dalziel K, Hua X. Parents of children with disability: Mental health outcomes and utilization of mental health services. Disabil Health J. 2023;16(4):101506. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101506. PubMed PMID: 37517905. ##
  12. Meral BF, Cavkaytar A, Turnbull AP, Wang M. Family Quality of Life of Turkish Families Who Have Children with Intellectual Disabilities and Autism. Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities. 2013;38(4):233-46. doi: 10.1177/154079691303800403. ##
  13. Hemati Alamdarloo G, Majidi F. Feelings of hopelessness in mothers of children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Int J Dev Disabil. 2020;68(4):485-494. doi: 10.1080/20473869.2020.1736886. PubMed PMID: 35937174; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9351562. ##
  14. Frosch CA, Schoppe-Sullivan SJ, O'Banion DD. Parenting and Child Development: A Relational Health Perspective. Am J Lifestyle Med. 2019;15(1):45-59. doi: 10.1177/1559827619849028. PubMed PMID: 33447170; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7781063. ##
  15. Janković SM, Bogavac-Stanojević N, Mikulić I, Izetbegović S, Iličković I, Krajnović D, et al. A Questionnaire for Rating Health-related Quality of Life. Zdr Varst. 2021;60(4):260-268. doi: 10.2478/sjph-2021-0035. PubMed PMID: 34917195; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC8643113. ##
  16. Pequeno NPF, Cabral NLA, Marchioni DM, Lima SCVC, Lyra CO. Quality of life assessment instruments for adults: a systematic review of population-based studies. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18(1):208. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01347-7. PubMed PMID: 32605649; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7329518. ##
  17. Reeves AJ, Baker RT, Casanova MP, Cheatham SW, Pickering MA. Examining the factorial validity of the Quality of Life Scale. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020;18(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01292-5. PubMed PMID: 32070369; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7026960. ##
  18. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment. 1988;52(1):30-41. doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2. ##
  19. Hassani SF, Tizdast T, Zarbakhsh MR. The Role of Self-compassion and Hope in the Relationship Between Psychological Wellbeing, Maladaptive Schemas, Resilience, and Social Support in Women with Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of Client-centered Nursing Care. 2021;7(3):195-204. doi: 10.32598/JCCNC.7.3.372.1. ##
  20. Benedetto L, Musumeci O, Giordano A, Porcino M, Ingrassia M. Assessment of Parental Needs and Quality of Life in Children with a Rare Neuromuscular Disease (Pompe Disease): A Quantitative-Qualitative Study. Behav Sci (Basel). 2023;13(12):956. doi: 10.3390/bs13120956. PubMed PMID: 38131812; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10741056. ##
  21. Findler L, Klein Jacoby A, Gabis L. Subjective happiness among mothers of children with disabilities: The role of stress, attachment, guilt and social support. Res Dev Disabil. 2016;55:44-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.03.006. PubMed PMID: 27037989. ##
  22. Solhi M, Fard Azar FE, Abolghasemi J, Maheri M, Irandoost SF, Khalili S. The effect of educational intervention on health-promoting lifestyle: Intervention mapping approach. J Educ Health Promot. 2020;9:196. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_768_19. PubMed PMID: 33062729; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7530417. ##
  23. Gorbeña S, Govillard L, Gómez I, Sarrionandia S, Macía P, Penas P, et al. Design and evaluation of a positive intervention to cultivate mental health: preliminary findings. Psicol Reflex Crit. 2021;34(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s41155-021-00172-1. PubMed PMID: 33625609; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7905002. ##
  24. Öztürk M, Küçük Alemdar D. The care burden of mothers of children with disability: Association between family quality of life and fatigue. J Pediatr Nurs. 2023;73:e418-e425. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.10.010. PubMed PMID: 37872058. ##
  25. Christodoulou P, Christopoulou F, Stergiou A, Christopoulos K. Quality of Life of Parents of Children With Disabilities. European Journal of Education and Pedagogy. 2020;1(1):1-6. doi: 10.24018/ejedu.2020.1.1.1. ##
  26. Gautam S, Jain A, Chaudhary J, Gautam M, Gaur M, Grover S. Concept of mental health and mental well-being, it's determinants and coping strategies. Indian J Psychiatry. 2024;66(Suppl 2):S231-S244. doi: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_707_23. PubMed PMID: 38445271; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10911315. ##
  27. Sulaimani GH, Kamel S, Alotaibi G, Telmesani N. Quality of Life Among Family Caregivers of Disabled Children in Saudi Arabia. Cureus. 2023;15(7):e41320. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41320. PubMed PMID: 37539394; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10395756. ##

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics