Women’s Health Bulletin

Current Issue

By Issue

By Author

By Subject

Author Index

Keyword Index

About Journal

Aims and Scope

Editorial Board

Publication Ethics

Authorship Rules and Regulations

Indexing and Abstracting

Peer Review Process

Metrics

Forms

The Impact of Moringa Leaf-Based Innovations on Hemoglobin Levels among Pregnant Women

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Midwifery, Health Polytechnic of Jambi, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Anemia among pregnant women remains a pressing public health concern, particularly in regions with limited access to nutritious food. This study assessed the impact of supplementing Moringa leaf extract in conjunction with iron (Fe) tablets on Hemoglobin (Hb) levels during pregnancy.
Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental approach conducting both pre- and post-tests on participants who were given either Moringa extract along with Fe tablets (intervention group) or only Fe tablets (control group). Conducted in Penyengat Olak Village, Muaro Jambi Regency, Indonesia from March to November 2024, the study involved 80 pregnant women who were randomly allocated into two equal groups. Hemoglobin levels were assessed before and after a 14-day intervention. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-tests.
Results: The experimental group experienced a significant increase in mean Hb levels from 11.27 g/dL to 12.12 g/dL (P<0.0001). The control group also saw an improvement (11.27 g/dL to 11.70 g/dL; P<0.0001), though to a lesser extent. The difference in post-intervention Hb levels between the two groups was statistically significant (P=0.017).
Conclusions: The dual supplementation of Moringa leaf extract and Fe tablets demonstrated greater efficacy in raising Hemoglobin levels among pregnant women as compared with iron tablets alone.

Highlights

Suryani Suryani: (Google Scholar)

 

How to Cite: Suryani S, Suryanti Y, Murtiyarini I, Danaz Nst AF. The Impact of Moringa Leaf-Based Innovations on Hemoglobin Levels among Pregnant Women. Women. Health. Bull. 2025;12(3):190-197. doi: 10.30476/whb.2025.105477.1335.

Keywords

References
  1. Balcha WF, Eteffa T, Arega Tesfu A, Abeje Alemayehu B. Maternal Knowledge of Anemia and Adherence to its Prevention Strategies: A Health Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study Design. Inquiry. 2023;60:469580231167731. doi: 10.1177/00469580231167731. PubMed PMID: 37077150; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10134107. ##
  2. Onyeneho NG, Subramanian SV. Anemia in pregnancy: Factors influencing knowledge and attitudes among mothers in southeastern Nigeria. Journal of Public Health. 2016;24(4):335–49. doi: 10.1007/s10389-016-0730-y. ##
  3. Bizuneh AD, Azeze GG. Knowledge on anaemia and benefit of iron–folic acid supplementation among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care in Woldia town, Northeastern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study. J Health Popul Nutr. 2022;41(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s41043-022-00315-9. PubMed PMID: 35927693; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9351271. ##
  4. World Health Organization. WHO Global Anaemia estimates; 2025. Available from: https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/anaemia_in_women_and_children. ##
  5. Kemenkes. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018; 2019. Available from: https://layanandata.kemkes.go.id/katalog-data/riskesdas/ketersediaan-data/riskesdas-2018. ##
  6. Irawan L. Hubungan Status Ekonomi dan Usia terhadap Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi. Indonesian Journal of Health Community. 2024;5(1):9–16. doi: 10.31331/ijheco.v5i1.2857. Indonesian. ##
  7. Maka SS, Tondare SB, Tondare MB. Study of impact of anemia on pregnancy. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology. 2017;6(11):4847–4850. doi: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20174692. ##
  8. Daru J, Zamora J, Fernández-Félix BM, Vogel J, Oladapo OT, Morisaki N, et al. Risk of maternal mortality in women with severe anaemia during pregnancy and post partum: a multilevel analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2018;6(5):e548–e554. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30078-0. PubMed PMID: 29571592. ##
  9. de Sá SA, Willner E, Pereira TAD, de Souza VS, Teles Boaventura G, de Azeredo VB. Anemia in pregnancy: impact on weight and in the development of anemia in newborn. Nutr Hosp. 2015;32(5):2071–9. doi: 10.3305/nh.2015.32.5.9186. ##
  10. Rahman MA, Khan MN, Rahman MM. Maternal anaemia and risk of adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes in South Asian countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health Pract. 2020;1:100021. doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2020.100021. PubMed PMID: 36101702; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC9461600. ##
  11. Azmi U, Puspitasari Y. Literature Review: Risk Factors of Anemia in Pregnancy Women. Journal for Quality in Public Health. 2022;6(1):244–56. doi: 10.30994/jqph.v6i1.428. ##
  12. Agegnehu G, Atenafu A, Dagne H, Dagnew B. Adherence to iron and folic acid supplement and its associated factors among antenatal care attendant mothers in Lay Armachiho health centers, Northwest, Ethiopia, 2017. Int J Reprod Med. 2019;2019(1):5863737. doi: 10.1155/2019/5863737. PubMed PMID: 31275954; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6582864. ##
  13. Rotella R, Soriano JM, Llopis-Gonzalez A, Morales-Suarez-Varela M. The Impact of Moringa oleifera Supplementation on Anemia and other Variables during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2023;15(12):2674. doi: 10.3390/nu15122674. PubMed PMID: 37375577; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC10301989. ##
  14. Hastuty D, Hadju V, Ariyandy A. The effect of giving extracted Moringa oleifera leaves plus royal jelly supplement on erythrocyte index of anemia pregnant women in Takalar District. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2020;7(06). ##
  15. Loa M, Hidayanty H, Arifuddin S, Ahmad M, Hadju V. Moringa oleifera leaf flour biscuits increase the index of erythrocytes in pregnant women with anemia. Gac Sanit. 2021;35:S206–S210. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2021.10.022. PubMed PMID: 34929813. ##
  16. Iskandar I, Hadju V, As’ad S, Natsir R. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts supplementation in preventing maternal anemia and low-birth-weight. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 2015;5(2):1–3. ##
  17. Suzana D, Suyatna FD, Andrajati R, Sari SP, Mun’im A. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract against hematology and blood biochemical value of patients with iron deficiency anemia. J Young Pharm. 2017;9(1s):s79-s84. ##
  18. Nurdin MS, Thahir AIA, Hadju V. Supplementations on pregnant women and the potential of Moringa oleifera supplement to prevent adverse pregnancy outcome. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research. 2018;3(1):71–75. ##
  19. Rissa M. Impact of Iron Tablet and Moringa Leaf Capsule Supplementation on Hemoglobin Levels in Anemic Pregnant Women in Pariaman City, 2016. Journal of Evidence-based Nursing and Public Health. 2024;1(2):22-32. doi: 10.61511/jevnah.v1i2.2024.1145. ##
  20. Kalam EM, Noor NM, Ishak A, Yusoff SSM. Moringa oleifera supplementation for anemic pregnant women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science. 2024;23(3):597–609. doi: 10.3329/bjms.v23i3.75014. ##
  21. Frianti N, Arifuddin S, Hadju V, Aminuddin A, Nontji W, Bahar B, et al. The effect of moringa leaf capsules and fe administration to increase hemoglobin levels, weight, and upper arm circumference (LILA) in trimester II pregnant women with chronic energy deficiency (KEK). International Journal of Health Sciences. 2022;6(S3):12524–34. doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS3.9600. ##
  22. Delfina R, Helmiyetti H, Maryani D. Effect of Moringa Leaves and Combination of Fe Tablets on the Increase of Hb in Pregnant Women with Anemia. Global Medical and Health Communication. 2023;11(2):121-127. doi: 10.29313/gmhc.v11i2.10836. ##
  23. Garzon S, Cacciato PM, Certelli C, Salvaggio C, Magliarditi M, Rizzo G. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: Novel approaches for an old problem. Oman Med J. 2020;35(5):e166. doi: 10.5001/omj.2020.108. PubMed PMID: 32953141; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC7477519. ##
  24. James AH. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 2021;138(4):663–674. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004559. ##
  25. Pohan RA. The Relationship Compliance with Fe Tablet Consumption with Anemia in Pregnant Women. International Journal of Public Health Excellence. 2022;1(1):27–31. doi: 10.55299/ijphe.v1i1.7. ##
  26. Wang R, Xu S, Hao X, Jin X, Pan D, Xia H, et al. Anemia during pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Front Glob Womens Health. 2025;6:1502585. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2025.1502585. PubMed PMID: 39959784; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11825799. ##
  27. Azzam A, Khaled H, Alrefaey AK, Basil A, Ibrahim S, Elsayed MS, et al. Anemia in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, determinants, and health impacts in Egypt. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-07111-9. PubMed PMID: 39810098; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC11731563. ## 
Women’s Health Bulletin
Volume 12, Issue 3 - Serial Number 46
July 2025
Pages 190-197
Files
Share
How to cite
Statistics