Bahar Morshed Behbahani; Leila Doryanizadeh; Mohammad Ebrahim Parsanezhad; Mohammad Hossein Dabbaghmanesh; Azam Jokar; Seyede Zahra Ghaemi; Marjan Zare; Parvin Ghaemmaghami
Abstract
Background: Hysterosalpingography is a vital diagnostic method for identifying anatomical causes of infertility, often used as a cost-effective screening test. This study aimed to investigate hysterosalpingography results in infertile women.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and analytic cross-sectional ...
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Background: Hysterosalpingography is a vital diagnostic method for identifying anatomical causes of infertility, often used as a cost-effective screening test. This study aimed to investigate hysterosalpingography results in infertile women.Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, and analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 180 infertile couples referred to Ghadir Maternal and Child Hospital in Shiraz, Iran between February and July 2015-2016. Data were collected from patient records and hysterosalpingography findings. A questionnaire encompassing demographic information and hysterosalpingography results was utilized. Qualitative and quantitative variables were described using frequency and mean± standard deviation. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, Chi-square, and generalized linear models via IBM SPSS version 22.Results: Hysterosalpingography (HSG) revealed that 145 women (80.6%) exhibited normal uterine and tubal findings, while 35 women (19.4%) displayed abnormal results (classified as normal and abnormal HSG findings). Women with abnormal hysterosalpingography were observed to have a higher likelihood of primary infertility (OR=3.8, 95%CI (1.427-10.10), P=0.008). Furthermore, the study assessed the impact of Body Mass Index (BMI) and identified that women in the abnormal HSG group had a higher body mass index (OR=0.89, 95%CI (0.794-0.992), P=0.035).Conclusions: Tubal adhesion stemming from undiagnosed and untreated sexual infections can lead to primary infertility. Limited resources may hinder timely detection and treatment access, exacerbating the issue. The correlation between obesity and infertility could be attributed to an unhealthy lifestyle in low-income families. Encouraging health education within low to middle-income communities is recommended to prevent sexually transmitted infections and promote healthier lifestyles, ultimately reducing the incidence of primary infertility.
Maryam Pakfetrat; Leila Malekmakan; Taraneh Tadayon; Amin Nikfar; Afshin Mansourian
Abstract
Background: Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide health problem. Objectives This study investigated the frequency of urinary and serum metabolic abnormalities and their association with demographic characteristics in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 376 patients ...
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Background: Nephrolithiasis is a worldwide health problem. Objectives This study investigated the frequency of urinary and serum metabolic abnormalities and their association with demographic characteristics in patients with nephrolithiasis.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 376 patients with nephrolithiasis who referred to Motahari Medical Center, Shiraz from March 2017 to June 2017. Patients’ history, 24-hour urine analysis (for volume, calcium, uric acid, sodium, citrate, phosphate, and oxalate), and serum tests (for calcium, uric acid, and parathyroid hormone) were recorded in a data gathering sheet. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The most common abnormality was a low volume of 24-hour urine (< 2000 mL), (73.7%), followed by hypercalciuria (23.9%), and hyperoxaluria (19.4%). Low 24-hour urine volume was more frequent in women (80.0% vs. 64.3%, P < 0.001), while hypercalciuria (37.0% vs. 18.3%, P < 0.001), and hyperphosphaturia (6.0% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.03) were more frequent in men. Moreover, hypercalciuria was more frequent in outdoor workers (39.7% vs. 21.1%, P = 0.003), whereas low urine volume was more frequent in indoor workers (79.0% vs. 61.1%, P = 0.006). Metabolic abnormalities were not different in terms of patients’ family history.
Conclusions: Multiple factors affect the frequency and type of nephrolithiasis. Since these parameters are also influenced by race, culture, and dietary habits; thus each region must determine its own demographic features of renal stone. Based on our results, women had lower urine volume and higher urine citrate than men. Moreover, water intake is one of the most important factors that correlate with renal stone formation.
