Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Sociology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

2 Department of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

10.30476/whb.2024.102075.1280

Abstract

Background: The Iranian society is undergoing a transformation towards feminization, leading to shifting expectations and demands from girls towards their families. Umet expectations among girls and family leads to negative personal and social consequences. The present study aimed to investigate the consequences of unmet expectations of girls from their family.
Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in 2023-2024 in Yazd, Iran. The study participants were 16 girls who were selected through purposive sampling method. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using thematic analysis method.
Results: The study results showed that in the changing conditions of the family in the context of the study, girls’ expectations from their parents have changed and are increasing. Failure to meet these expectations, which is mostly related to cultural changes, has led to the formation of negative consequences among girls. Consequences of unmet expectations in the form of four themes include boredom, stigma, psychosomatic problems, and poor self-confidence.
Conclusion: In today’s changing society, it is crucial to recognize and address the specific expectations and rights of young girls. Failing to do so in a timely manner can result in severe and irreversible consequences for this demographic. It is imperative for policymakers to identify these needs and prioritize them in order to ensure the well-being and advancement of young girls in the Iranian society.

Highlights

How to Cite: Sadeghieh S, Kalateh Sadati A. Consequences of Unmet Expectations among Girls in the Family: A Qualitative Study in Yazd, Iran. Women. Health. Bull. 2024;11(4):213-221. doi: 10.30476/whb.2024.102075.1280.

 

Ahmad Kalateh Sadati: (Google Scholar), (PubMed)

Keywords

  1. So V, Costigan C. Met and unmet expectations for parental monitoring knowledge in Chinese Canadian children. Asian American Journal of Psychology. 2021;12(2):110. doi: 10.1037/aap0000222. ##
  2. Moyer AM, Goldberg AE. ‘We were not planning on this, but…’: Adoptive parents' reactions and adaptations to unmet expectations. Child & Family Social Work. 2017;22(Suppl 1):12-21. doi: doi.org/10.1111/cfs.12219.##
  3. Hall KS, Manu A, Morhe E, Dalton VK, Challa S, Loll D, et al. Bad girl and unmet family planning need among Sub-Saharan African adolescents: the role of sexual and reproductive health stigma. Qual Res Med Healthc. 2018;2(1):55-64. doi: 10.4081/qrmh.2018.7062. PubMed PMID: 30556052; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6292434. ##
  4. Burgess EW, Locke HJ. The family, from institution to companionship. 2d ed. New York: American Book Co; 1953.##
  5. Durkheim E. The division of labour in society. In Social Theory Re-Wired. Routledge; 2016. ##
  6. Sawyer SM, Azzopardi PS, Wickremarathne D, Patton GC. The age of adolescence. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(3):223-228. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(18)30022-1. PubMed PMID: 30169257.##
  7. Worthman CM, Trang K. Dynamics of body time, social time and life history at adolescence. Nature. 2018;554(7693):451-457. doi: 10.1038/nature25750. PubMed PMID: 29469099.##
  8. Klaczynski PA, Felmban WS, Kole J. Gender intensification and gender generalization biases in pre‐adolescents, adolescents, and emerging adults. Br J Dev Psychol. 2020;38(3):415-433. doi: 10.1111/bjdp.12326. PubMed PMID: 32115730. ##
  9. Mahmudova NH. Influence of family environment on personal socialization. American Journal of Public Diplomacy and International Studies. 2023;1(10):440-446. ##
  10. Jemini-Gashi L, Duraku ZH, Kelmendi K. Associations between social support, career self-efficacy, and career indecision among youth. Current Psychology. 2021;40(3):4691-4697. doi: 10.1007/s12144-019-00402-x. ##
  11. Li W, Xie Y. The influence of family background on educational expectations: A comparative study. Chinese Sociological Review. 2020;52(1):269-294. doi: 10.1080/21620555.2020.1738917. ##
  12. Cooper CR, Cooper RG. Links between adolescents' relationships with their parents and peers: Models, evidence, and mechanisms. In Family-peer relationships. Routledge; 1992. pp. 135-158.##
  13. Grevenstein D, Bluemke M, Schweitzer J, Aguilar-Raab C. Better family relationships––higher well-being: The connection between relationship quality and health related resources. Mental Health & Prevention. 2019;14:200160. doi: 10.1016/j.mph.2019.200160. ##
  14. Alfaro FAC, Li Y-M, Okely J. Symptoms of depression and anxiety in young people in El Salvador: Associations with peer and family relationships, artistic activities and health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord. 2023;339:838-846. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.024. PubMed PMID: 37481127. ##
  15. Chu M, Fang Z, Lee C-Y, Hu Y-H, Li X, Chen S-H, et al. Collaboration between School and Home to Improve Subjective Well-being: A New Chinese Children’s Subjective Well-being Scale. Child Indicators Research. 2023;16:1527-1552. doi: 10.1007/s12187-023-10018-0.##
  16. Skoczeń I. Family Relationships, Internalizing Problems, and Psychosocial Adjustment in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: A Polish Perspective. The Journal of Genetic Psychology. 2022;183(5):381-90. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2022.2099242. ##
  17. Díez M, Sánchez-Queija I, Parra Á. Why are undergraduate emerging adults anxious and avoidant in their romantic relationships? The role of family relationships. PloS One. 2019;14(11):e0224159. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224159. PubMed PMID: 31715624; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC6850890. ##
  18. Lansford JE, Godwin J, Alampay LP, Uribe Tirado LM, Zelli A, Al‐Hassan SM, et al. Mothers', fathers' and children's perceptions of parents' expectations about children's family obligations in nine countries. Int J Psychol. 2016;51(5):366-374. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12185. PubMed PMID: 26104262; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4841718. ##
  19. Tahir WB-e, Inam A, Raana T. Relationship between social support and self-esteem of adolescent girls. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS). 2015;20(2):42-46. doi: 10.9790/0837-20254246.##
  20. Asgari Z, Jazayeri RA. The parent-child relationship in high school girl studentsâ academic achievement in mother-headed families: A qualitative research. Iranian Journal of Family Psychology. 2021;5(2):3-14. doi: 10.22034/ijfp.2021.245541. Persian. ##
  21. Beyraghi N, Soklaridis S. Toward an understanding of the gender gap in Iran: why health leaders should care and what they can do to close the gender gap? Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2019;13(1):e64643. doi: 10.5812/ijpbs.64643.##
  22. Ghanizadehbafghi M, Varmazyar F. The impact of feminism movements on the transformation of the concept of family. Journal of Legal Research. 2021;20(46):225-253. doi: 10.48300/JLR.2021.132620. Persian. ##
  23. Ahmadi N, Shariati, Elham, Mirkhani E. The capacity of the principles governing the family in solving family conflicts. The Journal of Woman and Family Studies. 2021;9(3):102-128. doi: 10.22051/JWFS.2021.32968.2521. ##
  24. Krahé B. Violence against women. Curr Opin Psychol. 2018:19:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.017. PubMed PMID: 29279224. ##
  25. Farooq MB, De Villiers C. Telephonic qualitative research interviews: When to consider them and how to do them. Meditari Accountancy Research. 2017;25(2):291-316. doi: 10.1108/MEDAR-10-2016-0083. ##
  26. Clarke V, Braun V. Thematic analysis. Journal of Positive Psychology. 2017;12(3):297-298. doi: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1262613. ##
  27. Vaismoradi M, Jones J, Turunen H, Snelgrove S. Theme development in qualitative content analysis and thematic analysis. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice. 2016;6(5):100-110. doi: 10.5430/jnep.v6n5p100. ##
  28. Kyngäs H, Mikkonen K, Kääriäinen M. The application of content analysis in nursing science research. Springer; 2019.##
  29. Birt L, Scott S, Cavers D, Campbell C, Walter F. Member checking: a tool to enhance trustworthiness or merely a nod to validation? Qual Health Res. 2016;26(13):1802-1811. doi: 10.1177/1049732316654870. PubMed PMID: 27340178. ##