Md. Sanaul Haque Mondal; Kamrun Nahar
Abstract
Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health concern in the world, especially in the developing world. Bangladesh, a developing country, has the highest rate of IPV among the South Asian countries. We designed this study to examine survey data from a fishing community in Cox’s ...
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Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health concern in the world, especially in the developing world. Bangladesh, a developing country, has the highest rate of IPV among the South Asian countries. We designed this study to examine survey data from a fishing community in Cox’s Bazar district in Bangladesh, aiming to investigate the factors associated with the poor mental health conditions of women who experienced IPV.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The target population included fishermen’s wives within the reproductive age group (15-49 years) who experienced IPV. A convenient sampling procedure selected 120 fishermen’s wives from three fishers’ villages of Cox’s Bazar district in 2022. We assessed the respondents’ mental health conditions using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). We analyzed the data using Fisher’s exact test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression in SPSS version 26.Results: The respondents reported the prevalence of physical and psychological abuse by their current intimate partners in the last year. The findings indicated that their intimate partners physically abused 69.2% of respondents and psychologically abused 86.7% of them in the past year. The majority of the respondents (80%, n=96) had poor mental health (SRQ≥7). The results from binary logistic regression models demonstrated that the poor mental health of respondents was associated with several factors, including respondents’ age (P=0.045), education (P=0.001), personal income (P=0.002), consumption of betel leaf/smokeless tobacco (P=0.032), not being a member of a non-governmental organization (NGO) (P=0.023), a husband’s gambling habit (P=0.05), a history of psychological abuse (P=0.001), and those who seek assistance during crisis times (P=0.027).Conclusions: The study findings can assist policymakers and fisheries practitioners in formulating policies and programs to reduce IPV in fisheries communities, thereby ensuring that no one is left behind.
Tahere Amirahmadi; Hamdollah Jayervand; Farzaneh Hooman; Rezvan Homaei
Abstract
Background: Understanding the factors that influence divorce can help individuals and couples make informed decisions about their relationships and seek appropriate support. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between self-differentiation and emotional experiences towards the spouse and the ...
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Background: Understanding the factors that influence divorce can help individuals and couples make informed decisions about their relationships and seek appropriate support. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between self-differentiation and emotional experiences towards the spouse and the probability of divorce among married female students.Methods: This study used a descriptive-correlational design to examine the relationship between divorce probability, selfdifferentiation, and emotional experiences in married female students at Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz, Iran in 2023. A convenience sample of 304 participants was selected. Data were collected using the Divorce Probability Questionnaire (DPQ), Differentiation of Self Inventory (DSI), and Experiences of Emotions Towards Spouse Questionnaire (EETSQ). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27. Correlation coefficients and regression were employed to examine the correlations between the variables.Results: The results revealed a significant negative correlation between self-differentiation and the probability of divorce (r=- 35, P=0.001). Additionally, emotional experiences towards the spouse were negatively and significantly correlated with the probability of divorce (r=-33, P=0.001).Conclusions: The findings suggested that self-differentiation and emotional experiences towards the spouse are significantly correlated with the probability of divorce among married female students. By understanding the importance of self-differentiation and positive emotional experiences, interventions can be developed to help couples strengthen their relationships and reduce the risk of divorce.
Fatemeh Sedighi; Nazila Khoshkhatti
Abstract
Background: Divorce is recognized as the main factor contributing to the deterioration and collapse of the basic societal institution, the family, resulting in numerous negative social consequences. The study aimed to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-compassion with the ...
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Background: Divorce is recognized as the main factor contributing to the deterioration and collapse of the basic societal institution, the family, resulting in numerous negative social consequences. The study aimed to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-compassion with the influence of social adjustment in women who have experienced divorce.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study focused on all divorced women under the care of the Welfare Organization of Alborz Province, Iran who have been divorced for at least one year in 2023-2024. A total number of 361 participants were selected using convenience sampling method. The Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS), Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), Post-Divorce Adjustment Inventory (PDAI), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were given to the participants. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4.1.0.9 software.Results: Based on the findings of the study, Social Adaptation was positively and significantly correlated with Adjustment following divorce (β=0.035, P=0.006). Similarly, Mindfulness achieved through Social Adaptation showed a positive and significant association with adjustment after divorce (β=0.042, P=0.002). In addition, spiritual intelligence attained through social adaptation was found to have a positive and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=0.064, P<0.001). Furthermore, self-judgment as a component of social adaptation exhibited a negative and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=-0.049, P=0.002).Conclusions: According to the results of the model fitting, all variables in various areas showed adequate levels of validity and reliability within the model. Additionally, the total impact of the model indicated significant correlations between spiritual intelligence, self-compassion, and social adjustment variables on post-divorce adjustment. The mediating impact of the social adjustment variable was also verified in this situation.
Fatemeh Masoudizadeh; Fariba Hafezi; Sahar Safarzadeh; Zahra Dasht Bozorgi
Abstract
Background: Adolescent girls often struggle with negative body image, leading to rumination and distress. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential of self-compassion therapy (SCT) to mitigate rumination and bolster distress tolerance in adolescent girls experiencing body image ...
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Background: Adolescent girls often struggle with negative body image, leading to rumination and distress. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential of self-compassion therapy (SCT) to mitigate rumination and bolster distress tolerance in adolescent girls experiencing body image concerns.Methods: This experimental study comprised all adolescent girls in Ahvaz, Iran, who reported body image concerns in 2023. A sample of 30 adolescent girls was drawn using multi-stage cluster sampling and then randomly allocated to either an experimental (n=15) or a control (n=15) group. Data collection was facilitated using the Ruminative Response Scale and Distress Tolerance Scale. The experimental group participated in a ten-week structured self-compassion training (SCT) program, with one 60-minute session per week. The control group received no intervention. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to assess the impact of SCT on the dependent variables, using SPSS version 25.Results: At pre-test, both groups reported similar levels of rumination (SCT group: M=64.53, SD=7.59; control group: M=68.26, SD=9.46) and distress tolerance (SCT group: M=31.06, SD=6.86; control group: M=32.06, SD=5.23). After the 10-week SCT intervention, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in rumination (M=36.26, SD=5.57) and a significant increase in distress tolerance (M=66.60, SD=5.02) compared with the control group (P<0.001). SCT was found to be effective in significantly reducing rumination and increasing distress tolerance in adolescent girls with body image concerns (P<0.001).Conclusion: SCT has demonstrated its efficacy in mitigating rumination and enhancing distress tolerance among adolescent girls confronting body image challenges. The study findings underscored the potential of SCT as a promising intervention for this vulnerable population.
Salar Doosti; Farzaneh Hooman; Saeed Bakhtiyar Pour; Sasan Bavi
Abstract
Background: Mothers of children with disabilities experience significant psychological and emotional stress, necessitating a valid and reliable tool to assess their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and standardize the Quality of Life Questionnaire for mothers ...
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Background: Mothers of children with disabilities experience significant psychological and emotional stress, necessitating a valid and reliable tool to assess their quality of life. This study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and standardize the Quality of Life Questionnaire for mothers of children with disabilities.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among mothers of children with disabilities residing in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2022, to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the quality of Life Questionnaire. The target population encompassed all mothers meeting these criteria, from which a simple random sample of 379 participants was drawn. The Quality of Life Questionnaire and a perceived social support measure were administered to the study participants. The psychometric properties of the Quality of Life Questionnaire were evaluated using SPSS version 26. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, while content validity was determined through expert judgment and calculated using the Content Validity Ratio and Content Validity Index.Results: The results indicated satisfactory internal consistency, as demonstrated by Cronbach’s alpha (α=0.955) and composite reliability (0.965). All 16 items exhibited excellent item-total correlations (Cohen’s kappa >0.60), suggesting strong internal consistency. Content validity was established through experts panel review (content validity index range: 0.86-1.00). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the construct validity of the questionnaire, and normative data were successfully established.Conclusions: The findings demonstrated that the questionnaire possesses adequate psychometric properties, including reliability and validity, thus supporting its suitability for assessing the quality of life among mothers of children with disabilities.
Maryam Shirani Nazhvani; Felor Khayatan; Hadi Farhadi
Abstract
Background: Marital burnout significantly affects many women, leading to emotional distress and decreased quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resilient dialectical behavior therapy (RDBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on improving coping strategies and ...
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Background: Marital burnout significantly affects many women, leading to emotional distress and decreased quality of life. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of resilient dialectical behavior therapy (RDBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on improving coping strategies and resilience in women experiencing marital burnout.Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design to evaluate the efficacy of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Relational Dialectical Behavior Therapy (RDBT) in addressing marital burnout among women aged 25-50. The study participants were recruited from counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran, during the Spring of 2023. A convenience sample of 45 women was randomly allocated to three groups: DBT (n=15), RDBT (n=15), and a control group (n=15). The experimental groups received nine weekly, 60-minute therapy sessions, while the control group received no intervention. The Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were administered at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests were used to analyze the data, which was processed using SPSS version 27.Results: Both interventions had a significant positive effect on improving coping strategies and resilience in women experiencing marital burnout (P<0.001). At post-test, the RDBT group demonstrated significantly higher levels of problem-focused coping than the DBT group, with mean scores of 16.80 (95% CI: 14.43, 19.17) and 7.20 (95% CI: 4.83, 9.57), respectively. Both groups exhibited decreases in emotion-focused coping, with the RDBT group showing a more pronounced decline (-10.47, 95% CI: -12.83, -8.11) compared with the DBT group (-6.54, 95% CI: -8.91, -4.17). Similarly, the RDBT group demonstrated a greater reduction in avoidant coping (-11.13, 95% CI: -13.59, -8.67) compared with the DBT group (-7.93, 95% CI: -10.3, -5.56). Finally, both groups exhibited significant increases in resilience, with the RDBT group showing slightly higher levels at post-test (33.13, 95% CI: 30.77, 35.49) compared with the DBT group (31.14, 95% CI: 28.77, 33.51).Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the efficacy of both DBT and RDBT in enhancing coping strategies and resilience among women experiencing marital burnout. These results underscore the potential of DBT and RDBT in addressing the psychological challenges associated with marital distress.
Milad Rahmati Farmad; Zahra Eftekhar Saadi; Fatemeh Sadat Marashian; Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari; Parvin Ehteshamzadeh
Abstract
Background: To comprehend the complex interplay between autism symptoms, family well-being, and maternal coping abilities, it is essential to delve into the relationship between these factors. This study aimed to investigate how maternal resilience influences the connection between the severity of autism ...
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Background: To comprehend the complex interplay between autism symptoms, family well-being, and maternal coping abilities, it is essential to delve into the relationship between these factors. This study aimed to investigate how maternal resilience influences the connection between the severity of autism symptoms and the overall quality of life (QoL) for families with autistic children.Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was designed to investigate the correlation between variables. The study population consisted of mothers of autistic children aged 4 to 12 years residing in Mashhad, Iran. A convenience sample of 372 mothers was recruited from rehabilitation, educational, and therapeutic centers catering to autistic individuals in Mashhad, Iran between January and March 2023. For data analysis, Pearson correlation and SEM were used, with the aid of SPSS and Amos 24.Results: The mean score for the severity of autism symptoms was 160.26 (±11.66). The mean resilience score was 49.98 (±6.55). Also, the mean score for family QoL was 75.33 (±9.81). The results showed significant direct relationships among the severity of autism symptoms, family QoL, autism symptoms, and maternal resilience in mothers of autistic children (P=0.001). Additionally, the study demonstrated that maternal resilience played a significant mediating role in the connection between autism symptoms and family QoL (P=0.001).Conclusion: The study uncovered a negative connection between the severity of autism symptoms and family QoL, suggesting that more pronounced symptoms can negatively impact family well-being. Additionally, the study found a positive link between maternal resilience and family QoL, indicating that fostering resilience in mothers of autistic children can enhance family dynamics.
Seyyed Gholamali Jafari; Alireza Heidari; Parviz Asgari; Somayeh Esmaeili
Abstract
Background: Given the profound effects of children’s behavioral disorders, particularly in children with autism, on families, the present study aimed to explore the association between mothers’ distress tolerance and marital adjustment and behavioral disorders (BD) in children with autism ...
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Background: Given the profound effects of children’s behavioral disorders, particularly in children with autism, on families, the present study aimed to explore the association between mothers’ distress tolerance and marital adjustment and behavioral disorders (BD) in children with autism in Ahvaz, Iran.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study included all children with autism and their mothers registered at the Autism Association of Ahvaz, Iran in 2023. A total of 262 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling approach. Data were collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Data were subjected to Pearson’s correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis using SPSS version 27.Results: The mean scores for child behavioral disorders, tolerance of distress, and marital adjustment were 34.95 (±8.14), 45.29 (±9.86), and 80.23 (±19.15), respectively. Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a significant inverse relationship between children’s BD and mothers’ tolerance of distress (r=-0.36, P<0.001) and marital adjustment (r=-0.60, P<0.001). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was found between mothers’ tolerance of distress and marital adjustment (r=0.39, P<0.001).Conclusions: The results indicated that mothers’ tolerance of distress and marital adjustment are crucial in alleviating BD in children with autism. Interventions aimed at enhancing mothers’ coping skills and marital satisfaction may be beneficial in improving children’s behavioral outcomes.
Fahimeh Zarean; Ali Sheykholeslami; Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi; Ali Rezaei Sharif
Abstract
Background: Couples diagnosed with infertility encounter a range of stressful experiences including strain on marital and family relationships, changes in sexual dynamics, and other unavoidable challenges. This study aimed to examine the impact of healing codes training on infertility stigma and self-concept ...
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Background: Couples diagnosed with infertility encounter a range of stressful experiences including strain on marital and family relationships, changes in sexual dynamics, and other unavoidable challenges. This study aimed to examine the impact of healing codes training on infertility stigma and self-concept among infertile women.Methods: This quasi-experimental study employed a three-stage design (pretest, posttest, and follow-up) with two groups (experimental and control). The target population comprised all infertile women seeking treatment at fertility centers in Isfahan, Iran in 2023. A convenience sample of 40 volunteers was selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n=20) or a control group (n=20). All participants completed the Infertility Stigma Scale and the Beck Self-Concept Test at the pretest, posttest, and follow-up stages. The experimental group received 14 weekly sessions of healing codes training (90 minutes per session). The control group was placed on a waiting list. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze the data.Results: The healing codes group exhibited a marked decline in infertility stigma scores following the intervention. The pretest mean score of 90.40 (SD=15.42) decreased significantly to 72.80 (SD=11.82) at the posttest and remained relatively low at the follow-up, with a mean of 70.81 (SD=12.69) (P=0.001). Similarly, self-concept scores within the healing codes group demonstrated a notable reduction. The pretest mean was 62.92 (SD=7.44), followed by a decrease to 52.33 (SD=5.17) at the posttest and a minor fluctuation to 52.29 (SD=4.78) at the follow-up (P=0.001). In contrast, the control group exhibited stability in both infertility stigma and self-concept scores across time points.Conclusions: The findings of this study provide compelling evidence for the effectiveness of the healing codes intervention in addressing infertility stigma, and improving self-concept among individuals struggling with infertility.
Zohreh Mazaheri; Mohammad Zare Neyestanak; Elham Foroozandeh
Abstract
Background: Infertility can be a major source of stress for women, impacting their ability to cope with challenges. This study aimed to investigate whether Bowen family therapy can improve resilience in infertile women, potentially leading to better emotional well-being and coping skills.Methods: We ...
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Background: Infertility can be a major source of stress for women, impacting their ability to cope with challenges. This study aimed to investigate whether Bowen family therapy can improve resilience in infertile women, potentially leading to better emotional well-being and coping skills.Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design with pre- and post-intervention assessments and a control group. Follow-up measurements were collected two months post-intervention. The study population comprised all infertile women attending infertility centers in Isfahan, Iran, from April to June 2023. Thirty-two participants were recruited through convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to two groups (n=16 per group): an intervention group receiving Bowen family therapy and a waitlist control group. The intervention group participated in eight 90-minute (one session per week) Bowen family therapy sessions. Participants completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) at three time points. Repeated measures ANOVA was conducted using SPSS version 26 to analyze the data.Results: Participants in the Bowen family therapy group demonstrated improvements in several resilience measures. Scores on the hardiness and competence measure increased significantly from the pre-test (25.93±6.92) to the post-test (31.50±7.80), with gains maintained at follow-up (31.37±3.00) (P=0.010). Similar significant increases were observed in trusting one’s instincts (pre-test: 22.18±6.46; post-test: 27.43±4.66; follow-up: 26.25±3.66) (P=0.013) and positive attitude toward change (pre-test: 14.62±2.68; post-test: 18.37±3.79; follow-up: 17.12±3.63) (P=0.031). These improvements culminated in a significant rise in total resilience scores from the pre-test (77.68±15.23) to the post-test (94.62±13.84), with a follow-up mean of 90.18 (±9.77) (P=0.009). Notably, the impact of Bowen family therapy on perceived control (P=0.140) and spirituality (P=0.051) was not statistically significant (P=0.140).Conclusions: Overall, this study provides valuable evidence that supports the effectiveness of Bowen family therapy as a therapeutic approach to enhance resilience in infertile women. Tailoring interventions to address specific areas within the context of Bowen family therapy principles could be particularly beneficial for infertile women.
Sayedeh Pegah Mousavipour; Sasan Bavi
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to depression and anxiety in women and often decreases the quality of life, social interaction, and occupational competency of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-compassion therapy on perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity ...
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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to depression and anxiety in women and often decreases the quality of life, social interaction, and occupational competency of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-compassion therapy on perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity in women with MS.Methods: In this field-based, quasi-experimental study, a pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The target population comprised female patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who sought treatment at Ahvaz MS Society during a defined recruitment period (October 2022 - January 2023) in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran. They were diagnosed with MS by psychiatrists and clinical specialists in clinical interviews. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit a sample of 40 female participants diagnosed with MS. Participants were subsequently randomized into an experimental group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The study employed validated instruments, including the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, to assess the relevant constructs. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was then conducted to examine group differences while controlling for potential confounding variables.Results: In the post-test, mean±SD for the perceived stress and anxiety in the experimental group was 24.80±5.08 and 20.32±3.17, demonstrating a significant difference as compared with the control group (43.81±3.57 and 51.07±51.07) (P=0.001). According to the results, self-compassion therapy managed to reduce perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity in the experimental group.Conclusion: Our results suggested that self-compassion therapy could effectively reduce stress and anxiety in women with MS. Therefore, therapy centers are recommended to adopt self-compassion therapy to alleviate the psychological symptoms of MS.
Farrokhlegha Najafzadeh; Sheida Ranjbari; Hassan Shafaei; Saeed Ghorbani
Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) and resilience may be effective in increasing the strength, vitality and productivity of the elderly. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the correlation between participation in PA and psychological wellbeing among elderly women with considering the mediating ...
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Background: Physical activity (PA) and resilience may be effective in increasing the strength, vitality and productivity of the elderly. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore the correlation between participation in PA and psychological wellbeing among elderly women with considering the mediating role of resilience.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study consisted of 320 elderly women in Tehran, Iran in 2023 who were selected through convenience sampling technique. Standard Questionnaires were used for data collection. Pearson correlation test and the path analysis were used for data analysis.Results: The level of engagement in PA was below the average (256.47 out of 793). Also, PA had a significant correlation with psychological well-being (r=0.589, P<0.001). Additionally, PA had a significant correlation and resilience (r=0.714, P<0.001). Furthermore, resilience had a significant correlation with psychological well-being (r=0.625, P<0.001). Finally, resilience significantly mediated the correlation between PA and psychological well-being (Z=5.967, P<0.001).Conclusion: The findings of the study clearly demonstrated that active participation in PA plays a significant role in enhancing the mental well-being of older women. Therefore, it is highly recommended to prioritize the promotion of PA as the primary strategy to improve the psychological well-being of elderly women.
Fatemeh Jamshiddoust Miyanroudi; Mohammad Narimani; Mohammad Baher Talari
Abstract
Background: Drug use and addiction continue to be prevalent issues that often lead to heightened conflicts with the legal system, reduced public health, elevated mortality rates, missed chances for education and career advancement, and an upsurge in societal harm. This study aimed to investigate the ...
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Background: Drug use and addiction continue to be prevalent issues that often lead to heightened conflicts with the legal system, reduced public health, elevated mortality rates, missed chances for education and career advancement, and an upsurge in societal harm. This study aimed to investigate the effect of narrative therapy on the interpersonal needs of women with addictive tendencies.Methods: The study employed a semi-experimental approach including a pre-test, post-test, and a two-month follow-up period, with a control group. The study population consisted of women with substance abuse and addiction hospitalized, either selfreferral or by recommendation, in Parto Ardabil, the De-addiction camp for women , located in Ardabil province, Iran in 2021- 2022. A group of 24 people were chosen through the convenience sampling technique, and randomly divided into two separate groups for experimentation and control purposes; each group consisted of 12 people. The experiment began with a group of participants engaged in eight weekly sessions of successful narrative therapy, each lasting 45 minutes. The data were collected using an Interpersonal Need Questionnaire (INQ). The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.Results: The results showed no significant difference between the pre-test period between the two groups of Narrative therapy (37.92±8.03) and Control (37.75±10.78) in the interpersonal needs (P=0.966). Also, there was a significant difference in the posttest stage between the two groups of Narrative therapy (32.25±5.91) and Control (37.25±5.91) by controlling the pre-test score (P=0.001). Also, the results showed that the difference between the pre-test and post-test periods in the Narrative therapy group was significant (P=0.001). However, in the Control group, no difference was found between the stages of the study (P=590).Conclusions: Our reults showed that the narrative therapy approach is effective in reducing the two scales of perception of burdensomeness and neutral belongingness in the component of interpersonal needs. Narrative therapy enables clients to take charge of their personal growth and life changes, enabling patients to be the primary decision-makers in their unique life stories and reducing the therapist’s authority.
Mahbobeh Azarnia; Farah Naderi; Behnam Makvandi
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer can cause significant emotional and psychological challenges for women and their families. The stress and anxiety associated with a cancer diagnosis can pave the way for the development of a variety of psychological disorders. This study investigated the potential mediating ...
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Background: Breast cancer can cause significant emotional and psychological challenges for women and their families. The stress and anxiety associated with a cancer diagnosis can pave the way for the development of a variety of psychological disorders. This study investigated the potential mediating role of physical health in the association between distress tolerance and metaemotional awareness in women diagnosed with breast cancer.Methods: This study employed a descriptive correlational design, enrolling a convenience sample of women diagnosed with breast cancer who were receiving treatment at the hematology department of Shafa Hospital in Ahvaz City, Iran, between March and August 2023. A sample of 207 patients was selected using convenience sampling method. Distress Tolerance Scale, Meta-Emotion Scale, and Physical Health Questionnaire were used to collect data. The hypothesized model was assessed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 27 and Amos version 25.Results: The results showed a significant correlation between physical health and distress tolerance in women with breast cancer (P<0.001). The correlation between meta-emotion and distress tolerance was not significant (P<0.001). Moreover, the indirect correlation of meta-emotion to distress tolerance through the mediating role of physical health was significant (P=0.009).Conclusion: In women with breast cancer, physical health was significantly correlated with distress tolerance, while metaemotion had an indirect correlation mediated by physical health. These findings suggested that physical health is a crucial factor for distress tolerance, and warrants further investigation to better understand how meta-emotion and distress tolerance are connected through the pathway of physical health.
Hassan Shafaei; Farrokhlegha Najafzadeh; Masoud Shakki; Saeed Ghorbani
Abstract
Background: Engaging in regular exercise is widely recognized as a highly efficient method to mitigate age-related disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the correlations between physical activity and the quality of life, happiness, and depression levels in elderly women.Methods: In this study, ...
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Background: Engaging in regular exercise is widely recognized as a highly efficient method to mitigate age-related disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the correlations between physical activity and the quality of life, happiness, and depression levels in elderly women.Methods: In this study, a descriptive-correlational method was employed. The participants were 390 elderly women (aged 65 and above) who were chosen through a convenience sampling procedure in Tehran, Iran, in 2023. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (range of scores from 0 to 793), SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire (range of scores from 0 to 100), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (range of scores from 0 to 87) and Geriatric Depression Scale (range of scores from 0 to 15) were used for measuring exercise activity, quality of life, happiness and depression, respectively. For data analysis, Pearson correlation test and regression analysis in SPSS version 26 and Lisrel 8.1 were applied.Results: Descriptive results showed that in general the level of physical activity in students was below average (114.09±15.78). Likewise, the quality of life was below average (39.83±7.40). Happiness was also below average (5.97±2.19). Finally, depression was higher than average (53.64±9.90). The findings indicated that physical activity has a direct association with the quality of life (β=0.356, T=5.137). Additionally, physical activity has a direct association with happiness (β=0.448, T=6.556). However, it was observed that physical activity has an indirect association with depression (β=-0.229, T=-3.671).Conclusions: The study results clearly indicated that engaging in physical activity significantly contributes to improving the overall wellbeing and health-related quality of life among elderly women. Thus, prioritizing the enhancement of physical and exercise routines is strongly advised as a primary approach to enhance wellbeing and health-related quality of life in elderly women.
Marjan Bahremand; Marzieh Talebzadeh Shoushtari; Fatemeh Sadat Marashian
Abstract
Background: Infertility is one of the disturbances that may occur in the lives of couples, leading to experiences of psychological distress and endangering interpersonal relationships and marital quality. This study investigated the efficacy of intensive shortterm dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) in enhancing ...
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Background: Infertility is one of the disturbances that may occur in the lives of couples, leading to experiences of psychological distress and endangering interpersonal relationships and marital quality. This study investigated the efficacy of intensive shortterm dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP) in enhancing distress tolerance and marital quality of life among infertile women in Yazd, Iran.Methods: A semi-experimental pretest-posttest follow-up design with an experimental and control group (n=20 per group) was employed. Forty infertile women from the target population in Yazd, Iran (data collected in 2023) were randomly assigned into either the experimental group receiving eight 45-minute ISTDP sessions or the control group receiving no intervention. For data collection, questionnaires on distress tolerance and perceived relationship quality components were used. Data analysis was done by a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS version 27 was used.Results: According to the results, for distress tolerance, the mean score for the ISTDP group at the pretest was 31.55 (±13.14), which increased to 50.10 (±9.31) at posttest and 49.70 (±8.68) in the follow-up. The mean score for the control group at the pretest and posttest were 32.05 (±10.28) and 32.25 (±10.17), respectively. Moreover, for the marital quality of life, the mean score for the ISTDP group at the pretest was 70.40 (±19.47), which increased to 90.70 (±20.59) at the posttest and 91.15 (±20.75) at the follow-up. The mean score for the control group at the pretest and posttest was 66.85 (±21.75) and 65.85 (±20.66), respectively. There was a statistically significant within-group effect in the ISTDP group (P<0.01). The results revealed a statistically significant difference (P<0.001) between the intervention and control groups on distress tolerance and marital quality of life measures. The effectiveness of ISTDP in improving distress tolerance and marital quality of life was significant, and the treatment effects remained stable during the follow-up phase.Conclusions: It appears that ISTDP can be an effective step towards improving distress tolerance and marital quality of life. Therefore, ISTDP is considered a key and effective intervention.
Melika Noori; Reza Johari Fard
Abstract
Background: Vitiligo, a chronic depigmentary dermatosis, significantly compromises health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially among women. Treatment adherence and depression are two important factors that can influence HRQoL in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between ...
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Background: Vitiligo, a chronic depigmentary dermatosis, significantly compromises health-related quality of life (HRQoL), especially among women. Treatment adherence and depression are two important factors that can influence HRQoL in these patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between treatment adherence, depression, and HRQoL in women with vitiligo.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 152 women with vitiligo who were selected using convenient sampling method from a dermatology clinic in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2023. The study employed the MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Treatment Adherence Questionnaire (TAQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to collect data. Pearson correlation coefficients assessed the relationships between variables, while stepwise regression analysis explored the independent contributions of these factors to the outcome variables.Results: Our results showed mean scores (SD) of 58.13 (11.50) for HRQoL, 49.70 (8.82) for treatment adherence, and 20.25 (4.47) for depression. Significant positive and negative correlations were observed between treatment adherence and HRQoL (r=0.44, P<0.001) and depression and HRQoL (r=-0.36, P<0.001), respectively. Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed that both treatment adherence (β=0.51, P<0.001) and depression (β=-0.57, P<0.001) were significantly associated with HRQoL in women with vitiligo.Conclusion: These results highlighted the importance of treatment adherence as a key factor influencing HRQoL in women with vitiligo. Additionally, the study underscores the negative impact of depression on HRQoL, suggesting the potential benefit of addressing both treatment adherence and depression in clinical management strategies to optimize HRQoL for women with vitiligo.
Fahimeh Zarean; Ali Sheykholeslami; Esmaeil Sadri Damirchi; Ali Rezaei Sharif
Abstract
Background: In addition to physical problems, infertile couples face psychological issues during treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of healing codes training on the sexual self-esteem of infertile women.Methods: The present study employed a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, follow-up ...
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Background: In addition to physical problems, infertile couples face psychological issues during treatment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of healing codes training on the sexual self-esteem of infertile women.Methods: The present study employed a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, follow-up design with a control group and an experimental group. Convenience sampling method was used to recruit forty infertile women satisfying the inclusion criteria from fertility treatment centers in Isfahan, Iran in 2023. Participants were randomly assigned into either the experimental group (n=20) or the control group (n=20). The experimental group received a standardized 14-week intervention consisting of weekly 90-minute training sessions focused on a specific therapeutic technique (healing codes). Data analysis was conducted using repeated-measures ANOVA.Results: The results demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sexual self-esteem scores in the experimental group compared with the control group (P=0.001) at both the post-test and follow-up phases. No significant difference was observed between the groups at pre-test. Throughout the study, the mean scores for the experimental group (post-test: 110.13±6.71, follow-up: 110.32±6.93) were significantly higher than the control group (post-test: 91.93±11.40, follow-up: 94.74±17.12). These findings suggested that healing codes training led to a significant difference in sexual self-esteem between the experimental and control groups (P=0.001).Conclusions: This study provided evidence that healing codes training leads to a significant improvement in sexual self-esteem among infertile women. These findings suggested that healing codes training may be a promising new approach to improve the psychological well-being of infertile women.
Abbas Saremi; Rahmatollah Moradzadeh
Abstract
Background: Inadequate lifestyle choices, such as insufficient physical activity, may be linked to adverse fertility outcomes. Given the profound influence of lifestyle on women’s reproductive health, this study was undertaken to compare the levels of physical activity and body composition among ...
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Background: Inadequate lifestyle choices, such as insufficient physical activity, may be linked to adverse fertility outcomes. Given the profound influence of lifestyle on women’s reproductive health, this study was undertaken to compare the levels of physical activity and body composition among fertile and infertile Iranian women in 2022.Methods: This cross-sectional study encompassed 653 fertile women (mean age: 32.58±5.99 years, mean body mass index (BMI): 25.7±3.64 kg/m²) and infertile women (mean age: 32.59±5.38 years, mean BMI: 26.4±5.6 kg/m²) who sought assistance at infertility centers in six provinces (Guilan, Markazi, Hamedan, Sistan, and Baluchestan, Isfahan, and Khuzestan) during the research period spanning 2021 to 2022. Participants completed questionnaires regarding their lifestyle habits and physical activity levels, body composition was also assessed. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests were employed for data analysis.Results: Fertile women exhibited superior physical activity (P=0.04) and a lower BMI (P=0.001) than their infertile counterparts. Women with a high level of physical activity (OR=4.42, P=0.004) were more likely to experience infertility. Inactive women who spent more than 300 minutes per day sitting were 2.07 times more susceptible to fertility complications than their physically active peers (moderate activity) (OR=2.07, P=0.001).Conclusion: Given the simultaneous increase in obesity, inactivity, and infertility among Iranian women, it is imperative to place greater emphasis on lifestyle habits, including appropriate physical activity, to prevent and potentially treat infertility.
Fahimeh Rahmati; Seyed Esmaeil Mosavi; Zahra Yousefi
Abstract
Background: Numerous young women struggle to envision a fulfilling and intimate marriage due to encountering significant challenges during their childhood and/or experiencing multiple unsuccessful relationships in adulthood. This study investigated the influence of life scripts, as defined by transactional ...
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Background: Numerous young women struggle to envision a fulfilling and intimate marriage due to encountering significant challenges during their childhood and/or experiencing multiple unsuccessful relationships in adulthood. This study investigated the influence of life scripts, as defined by transactional analysis theory, on the marriage readiness of female university students of marriageable age in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: This qualitative case study utilized a non-probabilistic, purposive sampling method to select its participants from among all female university students of marriageable age in Isfahan, Iran, between July and September 2022. The sample comprised 15 individuals, determined through theoretical saturation. Data collection was conducted via semi-structured interviews, encompassing demographic information and life script identification. Triangulation involving the researcher, supervisor, and peer advisors was employed to ensure rigor. Manifest and latent content analyses were applied to the data derived from the participant’s responses and narratives using MAXQDA 2022.Results: Analysis identified five predominant life scripts among female university students who exhibited readiness for marriage: “don’t be a child,” “please others,” “be perfect,” “don’t think,” and “try hard.” Conversely, the leading life scripts of students lacking marriage readiness were “don’t grow up,” “don’t get close,” “don’t be important,” and “be perfect.”Conclusion: The findings suggested that life scripts significantly influence marriage readiness and partner selection among female students of marriageable age. Modifying these scripts may enhance these individuals’ preparedness for marriage.
Abdullah Azhdari; Eghbal Zarei; Kourosh Mohammadi
Abstract
Background: Light triad traits play a significant role in predicting one’s mental well-being and can greatly influence interpersonal relationships and overall happiness. This study aimed to assess the correlation between marital adjustment, marital satisfaction and quality of life in alignment ...
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Background: Light triad traits play a significant role in predicting one’s mental well-being and can greatly influence interpersonal relationships and overall happiness. This study aimed to assess the correlation between marital adjustment, marital satisfaction and quality of life in alignment with light triad traits.Methods: Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. The study population included women living in Bastak, Iran in 2023. A total of 270 participants were selected through convenience sampling method, and completed Light Triad Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMSS), and WHO Quality of Life-BREF questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and Amos version 24, with both descriptive and inferential analysis conducted through canonical correlation, regression analysis, and structural model testing.Results: There was a significant and positive relationship between clear personality traits and compatibility in married couples (β=0.564, P<0.001). Furthermore, the association between adaptation in married couples and quality of life (β=0.307) was also statistically significant at the P<0.001 level. Similarly, the association between marital satisfaction in married couples and clear personality traits (β=0.586) was statistically significant (P<0.001). Also, the association between marital satisfaction in married couples and quality of life was both positive and significant (β=0.215, P<0.001).Conclusions: Women’s marital satisfaction model, which is based on positive personality traits, highlights the significance of taking into account personality traits and their alignment when examining satisfaction in relationships. This suggests that partners with well-adjusted personality traits and compatible differences can contribute to higher levels of satisfaction within a marriage.
Ameneh Etemadi Asl; Sasan Bavi; Reza Johari Fard
Abstract
Background: Women diagnosed with breast cancer may be more inclined to take preventive measures if they believe they have control over their health. This study explored the mediating influence of cancer self-efficacy in the association between health locus of control (HLC) and health-promoting behaviors ...
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Background: Women diagnosed with breast cancer may be more inclined to take preventive measures if they believe they have control over their health. This study explored the mediating influence of cancer self-efficacy in the association between health locus of control (HLC) and health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.Method: In this descriptive-correlational study, a purposive sampling method was employed to select 282 women diagnosed with breast cancer in Ahvaz, Iran, between November 2021 and June 2022. Participants were requested to complete the Health- Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC), and Cancer Behavior Inventory (CBI). The data was then analyzed using path analysis conducted with SPSS Amos version 25.Results: The results indicated a significant correlation between cancer self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors among women with breast cancer (P=0.001). A significant correlation was also between health-promoting behaviors and HLC in women (P=0.001). According to the results, the mediating role of cancer self-efficacy in the relationship between HLC and healthpromoting behaviors was significant in women with breast cancer (P=0.001).Conclusion: Consequently, the research model exhibited a satisfactory fit. This study’s findings highlighted the influence of cancer self-efficacy in facilitating the impact of HLC on enhancing health-promoting behaviors in women with breast cancer.
Afsaneh Hosseini Geravandi; Parviz Asgari; Zahra Yousefi
Abstract
Background: The escalating number of visits to family therapy centers and the increasing divorce rates indicate a profound crisis in relationship status, resulting in family discord and divorce. This study endeavored to scrutinize the elements of female attractiveness in couple relationships as perceived ...
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Background: The escalating number of visits to family therapy centers and the increasing divorce rates indicate a profound crisis in relationship status, resulting in family discord and divorce. This study endeavored to scrutinize the elements of female attractiveness in couple relationships as perceived by family therapists with expertise in the field.Methods: This was a qualitative study employing a content analysis design. The statistical population encompassed all expert family therapists in Ahvaz, Iran in 2022. From this pool, eight therapists who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected as the sample. The research methodology employed content analysis, and data were collected through quasi-experimental interviews.Results: The outcomes revealed that the central and organizing categories consist of: 1. Personality Attractiveness (comprising self-esteem, agreeableness, stability, and conscientiousness as organizing codes). 2. Emotional attractiveness (with organizing codes related to positive emotional inhibition and positive emotional manifestation). 3. Cognitive attractiveness (characterized by cognitive capabilities and cognitive development as organizing codes). 4. Physical attractiveness (divided into sexual physical Attractiveness and non-sexual physical Attractiveness). 5. Relationship Attractiveness (encompassing family attractiveness, family relation attractiveness, emotional relation attractiveness, and spousal praise).Conclusion: Female Attractiveness is a multifaceted construct, and the absence of any of its dimensions can undermine its role in couple relationships. Therefore, adhering to these five dimensions can fortify marital bonds.
Mehrnaz Goodarzian; Kourosh Mohammadi; Azita Amirfakhraei
Abstract
Background: Patients with breast cancer (BC) experience psychological challenges necessitating therapeutic interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in influencing health-related locus of control and emotional regulation in women diagnosed with BC.Methods: ...
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Background: Patients with breast cancer (BC) experience psychological challenges necessitating therapeutic interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in influencing health-related locus of control and emotional regulation in women diagnosed with BC.Methods: This semi-experimental research, employing a pre-test, post-test, and control group design, was conducted among women with BC receiving care at health centers in Dezful City, Iran in 2019. Forty participants were selected through convenience sampling and subsequently randomized via lottery into experimental and control groups, each comprising 20 individuals. The experimental group underwent an eight-session ACT-based treatment, with one 90-minute session per week. Assessment instruments utilized in this study included Wallston’s health-related locus of control questionnaire and Garnefski’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using ANCOVA and SPSS version 24.Results: No significant differences were observed between the groups in the pre-test concerning health-related locus of control and emotional regulation. In the post-test, the mean±SD score for the health-related locus of control in the ACT group was 61.80±7.23, demonstrating a significant difference compared to the control group (47.94±6.11) (P<0.001). Emotional regulation mean scores in the experimental and control groups were 87.35±9.28 and 59.74±7.38, respectively, signifying statistical significance (P=0.005). ACT significantly enhanced health-related locus of control and emotional regulation in women diagnosed with BC (P<0.001).Conclusion: ACT effectively enhances health-related locus of control and emotional regulation in women with BC. Healthcare professionals and therapists may consider incorporating ACT into their comprehensive treatment strategies to augment healthrelated locus of control and emotional regulation in this patient population.
Parvin Mostafazadeh; Nemat Sotoudehasl; Raheb Ghorbani
Abstract
Background: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with daily life occurrences and situations. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in reducing worry and improving the quality ...
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Background: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by an excessive preoccupation with daily life occurrences and situations. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in reducing worry and improving the quality of life among women diagnosed with GAD.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest and a 3-month follow-up design. The study participants were women with GAD selected through convenient sampling in Tehran, Iran, from September to November 2022. According to the research design, the participants were divided into experimental and control groups (n=17 in each group). The experimental group underwent a 10-session treatment protocol based on ACT, while the control group did not receive any specific treatment. Data collection was accomplished using the Pennsylvania State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) to assess worry, the Brief Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to measure generalized anxiety, and the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QOL) to assess the quality of life. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, utilizing analysis of variance and repeated measures at a significance level of 0.05.Results: Significant differences were observed between the experimental and follow-up phases among the ACT, MCT, and Control groups concerning environmental health variables (P=0.04). The study’s results indicated significant differences in anxiety variables between the three groups (ACT, MCT, and Control) during the experimental and follow-up phases (P=0.001). No significant differences were noted between the ACT, MCT, and control groups regarding changes in physical health at the post-test (P=0.2) and follow-up (P=0.1) phases. In addition, significant differences were found among the three groups (ACT, MCT, and Control) regarding changes in mental health during the pretest and follow-up (P=0.001). This study also revealed significant disparities in social health variables among the three groups (ACT, MCT, and Control) (P=0.001).Conclusion: In summary, this study suggested that fostering positive thoughts about worrying may contribute to reducing the severity of anxiety disorders in adults. Intriguingly, mindfulness and a focus on the present moment did not appear to be significantly correlated with mild anxiety experiences.
