Fatemeh Sedighi; Nazila Khoshkhatti
Abstract
Background: Divorce is recognized as the main factor contributing to the deterioration and collapse of the basic societal institution, the family, resulting in numerous negative social consequences. The study aimed to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-compassion with the ...
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Background: Divorce is recognized as the main factor contributing to the deterioration and collapse of the basic societal institution, the family, resulting in numerous negative social consequences. The study aimed to examine the correlation between spiritual intelligence and self-compassion with the influence of social adjustment in women who have experienced divorce.Methods: This descriptive-correlational study focused on all divorced women under the care of the Welfare Organization of Alborz Province, Iran who have been divorced for at least one year in 2023-2024. A total number of 361 participants were selected using convenience sampling method. The Integrated Spiritual Intelligence Scale (ISIS), Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS), Post-Divorce Adjustment Inventory (PDAI), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were given to the participants. The data were analyzed using SmartPLS 4.1.0.9 software.Results: Based on the findings of the study, Social Adaptation was positively and significantly correlated with Adjustment following divorce (β=0.035, P=0.006). Similarly, Mindfulness achieved through Social Adaptation showed a positive and significant association with adjustment after divorce (β=0.042, P=0.002). In addition, spiritual intelligence attained through social adaptation was found to have a positive and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=0.064, P<0.001). Furthermore, self-judgment as a component of social adaptation exhibited a negative and significant correlation with adjustment after divorce (β=-0.049, P=0.002).Conclusions: According to the results of the model fitting, all variables in various areas showed adequate levels of validity and reliability within the model. Additionally, the total impact of the model indicated significant correlations between spiritual intelligence, self-compassion, and social adjustment variables on post-divorce adjustment. The mediating impact of the social adjustment variable was also verified in this situation.
Fatemeh Masoudizadeh; Fariba Hafezi; Sahar Safarzadeh; Zahra Dasht Bozorgi
Abstract
Background: Adolescent girls often struggle with negative body image, leading to rumination and distress. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential of self-compassion therapy (SCT) to mitigate rumination and bolster distress tolerance in adolescent girls experiencing body image ...
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Background: Adolescent girls often struggle with negative body image, leading to rumination and distress. The objective of this investigation was to examine the potential of self-compassion therapy (SCT) to mitigate rumination and bolster distress tolerance in adolescent girls experiencing body image concerns.Methods: This experimental study comprised all adolescent girls in Ahvaz, Iran, who reported body image concerns in 2023. A sample of 30 adolescent girls was drawn using multi-stage cluster sampling and then randomly allocated to either an experimental (n=15) or a control (n=15) group. Data collection was facilitated using the Ruminative Response Scale and Distress Tolerance Scale. The experimental group participated in a ten-week structured self-compassion training (SCT) program, with one 60-minute session per week. The control group received no intervention. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was employed to assess the impact of SCT on the dependent variables, using SPSS version 25.Results: At pre-test, both groups reported similar levels of rumination (SCT group: M=64.53, SD=7.59; control group: M=68.26, SD=9.46) and distress tolerance (SCT group: M=31.06, SD=6.86; control group: M=32.06, SD=5.23). After the 10-week SCT intervention, the experimental group showed a significant reduction in rumination (M=36.26, SD=5.57) and a significant increase in distress tolerance (M=66.60, SD=5.02) compared with the control group (P<0.001). SCT was found to be effective in significantly reducing rumination and increasing distress tolerance in adolescent girls with body image concerns (P<0.001).Conclusion: SCT has demonstrated its efficacy in mitigating rumination and enhancing distress tolerance among adolescent girls confronting body image challenges. The study findings underscored the potential of SCT as a promising intervention for this vulnerable population.
Mojtaba Rahimi; Hossein Molavi; Mojtaba Ansari Shahidi; Akram Dehghani
Abstract
Background: Mothers of children with externalizing behaviors often experience low self-efficacy. The present study investigated the effectiveness of compassion-focused training (CFT) on parental self-efficacy components in mothers of children with externalizing problems.Methods: This study employed a ...
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Background: Mothers of children with externalizing behaviors often experience low self-efficacy. The present study investigated the effectiveness of compassion-focused training (CFT) on parental self-efficacy components in mothers of children with externalizing problems.Methods: This study employed a semi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design. The target population comprised mothers of children exhibiting externalizing behaviors residing in Isfahan, Iran. A convenience sampling technique yielded a sample of 30 mothers who were subsequently randomized into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). The experimental group received an eight-week CFT intervention delivered in weekly 90-minute sessions. The control group remained on a waitlist during the intervention period. The Berkeley Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (BPSE-R) served as the primary outcome measure. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) within SPSS version 23.Results: Parental self-efficacy scores in the CFT group increased significantly from pre-test (51.87±6.17) to post-test (66.39±7.96), while the control group showed no significant change (pre-test: 51.90±5.26; post-test: 54.23±4.08). In the post-test, the CFT group showed significantly higher self-efficacy compared with the control group (P=0.001). Moreover, the CFT significantly increased maternal self-efficacy in the subscales of responsibility acceptance, self-management, child acceptance, and positive child evaluation compared with the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: The CFT intervention demonstrated significant effectiveness in enhancing various aspects of parental self-efficacy among mothers of children with externalizing problems. These findings suggested that CFT may be a valuable intervention for empowering mothers to manage the challenges associated with raising children exhibiting externalizing behaviors.
Sayedeh Pegah Mousavipour; Sasan Bavi
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to depression and anxiety in women and often decreases the quality of life, social interaction, and occupational competency of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-compassion therapy on perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity ...
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Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to depression and anxiety in women and often decreases the quality of life, social interaction, and occupational competency of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of self-compassion therapy on perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity in women with MS.Methods: In this field-based, quasi-experimental study, a pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The target population comprised female patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) who sought treatment at Ahvaz MS Society during a defined recruitment period (October 2022 - January 2023) in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran. They were diagnosed with MS by psychiatrists and clinical specialists in clinical interviews. A convenience sampling technique was used to recruit a sample of 40 female participants diagnosed with MS. Participants were subsequently randomized into an experimental group (n=20) and a control group (n=20). The study employed validated instruments, including the Perceived Stress Questionnaire and the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, to assess the relevant constructs. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was then conducted to examine group differences while controlling for potential confounding variables.Results: In the post-test, mean±SD for the perceived stress and anxiety in the experimental group was 24.80±5.08 and 20.32±3.17, demonstrating a significant difference as compared with the control group (43.81±3.57 and 51.07±51.07) (P=0.001). According to the results, self-compassion therapy managed to reduce perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity in the experimental group.Conclusion: Our results suggested that self-compassion therapy could effectively reduce stress and anxiety in women with MS. Therefore, therapy centers are recommended to adopt self-compassion therapy to alleviate the psychological symptoms of MS.
Sareh Mousavi; Shokoufeh Mousavi; Mahmoud Reza Shahsavari
Abstract
Background: Female heads of households often experience a diminished quality of life due to financial, social, and psychological challenges. This research aimed to investigate the impact of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) on the distress tolerance and resilience of female heads of households.Methods: ...
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Background: Female heads of households often experience a diminished quality of life due to financial, social, and psychological challenges. This research aimed to investigate the impact of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) on the distress tolerance and resilience of female heads of households.Methods: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-tests, incorporating a control group. The study population encompassed all female heads of households under the support of the welfare centers of Aligudarz, Lorestan Province, Iran, in 2022. By convenience sampling, forty eligible individuals were selected and subsequently randomly assigned into an experimental and control groups (20 women per group). The intervention group received eight weekly 90-minute sessions of CFT, while the control group did not receive any interventions. Following the sessions, both groups underwent post-tests under the same conditions. The Resilience and Distress Tolerance Scale were administered to both groups as pretests before the training intervention. Data analysis was conducted using ANCOVA in SPSS version 27.Results: The mean±SD scores for distress tolerance and resilience were 39.10±4.37 and 59.30±5.29 on the pretest in the CFT intervention group, respectively, and 38.55±4.56 and 58.85±6.26 in the control group. In the post-test stage, the mean±SD score for distress tolerance in the CFT intervention group was 54.20±4.19, while in the control group, it remained at 38.55±4.56 (P<0.001). Furthermore, in the post-test stage, the mean±SD score for resilience in the intervention group was 89.35±8.35, compared to 58.85±6.26 in the control group (P<0.001). According to the results, CFT intervention significantly improved distress tolerance and resilience among female heads of households (P<0.001).Conclusion: Compassion-focused therapy effectively enhanced distress tolerance and resilience in female heads of households. It is recommended that government officials take necessary steps and implement plans to provide CFT sessions for female heads of households.
Mohammad Hossein Pourfereydoun; Zahra Dasht Bozorgi
Abstract
Background: Mastectomy damages self-concept and sexual identity and also increases the risk of depression due to changes in the physical appearance of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) on psychological distress and self-compassion ...
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Background: Mastectomy damages self-concept and sexual identity and also increases the risk of depression due to changes in the physical appearance of patients. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) on psychological distress and self-compassion in mastectomized women with depression.Methods: The research was a quasi-experimental study based on a pretest-posttest design with control and experimental groups. The study population consisted of mastectomized women with depression who visited counseling and psychological services centers and clinics in 2021, of whom 40 patients were selected through purposive sampling. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups of 20 members using a table of random numbers. Participants in the experimental group attended ten 90-minute sessions of CRT (two sessions per week). The research instruments included the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The data were statistically analyzed using analysis of covariance in SPSS version 19.Results: The findings indicated that there was no significant difference between the two groups in the pretest in terms of psychological distress and self-compassion. The mean±SD of psychological distress in the posttest of the CRT group was 15.26±3.43, which was significantly different from the control group (19.26±3.65) (P<0.001). The mean±SD of self-compassion in the experimental and control groups were 79.13±7.38 and 71.67±8.39, respectively, which was statistically significant (P=0.005). In other words, CRT significantly reduced psychological distress and increased self-compassion in mastectomized women with depression (P<0.001).Conclusion: The study findings suggested the effectiveness of CRT in reducing psychological distress and increasing the selfcompassion of mastectomized women with depression. Therapists and health professionals are hence recommended to apply CRT, along with other interventions and therapies, to reduce psychological distress and increase the self-compassion of such patients.
